Types of intraoperative/postoperative mechanical circulatory support: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), ventricular assist device (VAD), Impella, VAD plus ECMO, Tandem, VAD plus Impella, VAD plus Tandem, ECMO plus Impella, VAD plus ECMO plus Tandem, and VAD plus ECMO plus Impella. (Tandem = Tandemheart percutaneous ventricular assist device; CardiacAssist, Pittsburgh, PA.)