Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies in this meta-analysis
| Study | Year | Country | Cases | Gender (M) | Age, years | NT | NOS | Hybrid | Preoperative comorbidity (MIO/OE) | TNM stage (MIO/OE) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (MIO/OE) | (MIO/OE) | (MIO/OE) | (MIO/OE) | Cardiovascular | Pulmonary | Diabetes | 0 + I + II | III + IV | |||||
| Nguyen | 2000 | USA | 18/36 | 7/29 | 64 ± 12/67 ± 8 | 9/9 | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Osugi | 2003 | Japan | 77/72 | 64/57 | 63.7 ± 9 · 6/64 · ±9 · 3 | NR | 7 | TA | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Kunisaki | 2004 | Japan | 15/30 | 12/21 | 62.3 ± 8.1/63 ± 6 | NR | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Bernabe | 2004 | USA | 17/14 | 16/11 | 63.9 ± 13.5/64.1 ± 10.7 | NR | 6 | TA | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Van den Broek | 2004 | Netherlands | 25/20 | 19/14 | 63 ± 8/64 ± 8 | 17/4 | 7 | TA | NR | NR | NR | 8/10 | 17/10 |
| Braghetto | 2006 | Chile | 47/119 | NR | NR | 0/0 | 8 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 41/80 | 6/39 |
| Bresadola | 2006 | Italy | 14/14 | 8/13 | 61.9 ± 7.7/59.3 ± 10.9 | NR | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 11/6 | 3/8 |
| Shiraishi | 2006 | Japan | 116/37 | 94/31 | 61.5 ± 8.1/66.5 ± 9.3 | 26/10 | 7 | Hybrid | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Smithers | 2007 | Australia | 332/114 | 267/104 | 64 (27–85)/62.5 (29–81) | 136/29 | 8 | Hybrid | 76/22 | NR | 27/4 | 192/36 | 118/75 |
| Benzoni | 2007 | Italy | 9/13 | 6/11 | 63.6 ± 2.6/60.2 ± 2.4 | 6/6 | 8 | TA | NR | 2/4 | NR | 9/7 | 0/6 |
| Fabian | 2008 | USA | 22/43 | 16/31 | 63 (46–86)/61 (35–82) | 9/16 | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 14/25 | 7/19 |
| Parameswaran | 2009 | UK | 50/30 | 45/21 | 67 (47–81)/68 (47–81) | 32/12 | 8 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 27/17 | 23/13 |
| Saha | 2009 | UK | 16/28 | 13/24 | 65 (50–80)/64 (35–78) | NR | 8 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Zingg | 2009 | Australia | 56/98 | 45/71 | 66.3 ± 1.3/67.8 ± 1.1 | 40/48 | 8 | MIE | 4/7 | 13/35 | 6/12 | 35/47 | 21/42 |
| Pham | 2010 | USA | 44/46 | 41/33 | 63 ± 8.6/61 ± 10.7 | 29/23 | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 20/20 | 20/19 |
| Perry | 2010 | USA | 21/21 | 18/17 | 69 ± 8/61 ± 9 | NR | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Hamouda | 2010 | UK | 51/24 | 44/23 | 62/60 | 44/20 | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Safranek | 2010 | UK | 75/46 | 53/38 | 60 (44–77)/64(41–74) | 71/34 | 7 | Hybrid | NR | NR | NR | 31/29 | 44/17 |
| Schoppmann | 2010 | Australia | 31/31 | 25/21 | 61.5 (36–75)/58.6 (34–77) | 15/7 | 8 | MIE | 6/8 | 10/8 | 1/1 | 18/19 | 13/12 |
| Schröder | 2010 | Germany | 238/181 | 198/151 | 61.1 (60–62)/57.8 (56–59) | 144/66 | 6 | TA | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Mehran | 2011 | USA | 44/44 | 43/40 | 61.0 (42–79)/62.5 (38–83) | 31/30 | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 23/21 | 16/20 |
| Berger | 2011 | USA | 65/53 | 51/38 | 61 (41–78)/62 (40–86) | 28/43 | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 52/41 | 13/12 |
| Lee | 2011 | Japan | 74/64 | 73/61 | 59.7 ± 10.3/56.6 ± 11.6 | 47/52 | 8 | Hybrid | NR | NR | NR | 54/49 | 20/15 |
| Nafteux | 2011 | Belgium | 65/101 | 52/81 | 63 (41–82)/64 (29–82) | NR | 8 | MIE | 11/24 | 6/13 | 6/12 | NR | NR |
| Yamasaki | 2011 | Japan | 109/107 | 87/95 | 64.6 ± 8.5/64.7 ± 8.0 | 85/68 | 8 | TA | 20/20 | 11/13 | 10/6 | NR | NR |
| Biere | 2012 | Netherlands | 59/56 | 43/46 | 62 (34–75)/62 (42–75) | 59/56 | 8 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 31/26 | 15/19 |
| Maas | 2012 | Netherlands | 50/50 | 41/33 | 62.5 (57–69)/65 (57–69) | 23/13 | 8 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 19/19 | 31/31 |
| Briez | 2012 | France | 140/140 | 110/117 | NR | 67/69 | 8 | TA | NR | NR | NR | 92/89 | 48/51 |
| Kinjo | 2012 | Japan | 106/79 | 87/70 | 62.7 ± 7.4/63.3 ± 8.6 | 54/11 | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 65/45 | 41/34 |
| Mamidanna | 2012 | UK | 1155/6347 | 892/4870 | NR | NR | 7 | MIE | 400/2234 | 141/782 | 90/598 | NR | NR |
| Sihag | 2012 | USA | 38/76 | 29/61 | 61.4 ± 8.1/63.3 ± 9.3 | 25/46 | 7 | MIE | 6/16 | 8/13 | NR | 29/53 | 9/23 |
| Sundaram | 2012 | USA | 47/57 | 38/52 | 67.3 (42–79)/61.7 (34–84) | 35/40 | 8 | MIE | 33/42 | NR | 11/14 | NR | NR |
| Tsujimoto | 2012 | Japan | 22/27 | 21/21 | 70 ± 5.4/67 ± 10.1 | 8/16 | 6 | TA | NR | NR | NR | 12/14 | 10/13 |
| Javidfar | 2012 | USA | 92/165 | 71/122 | 65 (56–74)/68 (60–74) | 51/96 | 7 | MIE | 9/23 | 9/23 | 22/35 | 65/96 | 27/69 |
| Bailey | 2013 | UK | 39/31 | 32/27 | 65 (37–78)/62 (38–78) | 33/31 | 7 | TA | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Ichikawa | 2013 | Japan | 152/163 | 129/145 | 63.8 ± 8.5/64.6 ± 8.6 | 54/64 | 8 | TA | 23/35 | 21/24 | 26/37 | 101/81 | 51/79 |
| Kitagawa | 2013 | Japan | 45/47 | 35/40 | 63 (47–77)/64 (39–83) | 8/11 | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | 8/8 | NR | NR |
| Noble | 2013 | UK | 53/53 | 43/45 | 66 (45–85)/64 (36–81) | 13/11 | 8 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Parameswaran | 2013 | UK | 67/19 | 47/15 | 64 (45–84)/64 (51–77) | 50/17 | 7 | Hybrid | NR | NR | NR | 43/8 | 23/11 |
| Takeno | 2013 | Japan | 91/166 | 77/147 | 63.7/64.2 | NR | 8 | TA | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Kubo | 2014 | Japan | 135/74 | 111/60 | 64.1 ± 8.2/62.2 ± 7.2 | 22/4 | 7 | Hybrid | 12/3 | 9/7 | NR | 112/41 | 23/33 |
| Schneider | 2014 | UK | 19/61 | 46/15 | 62.3 (35–74)/66.7 (45–79) | 7/45 | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 16/36 | 2/24 |
| Daiko | 2015 | Japan | 31/33 | 28/28 | 66 (49–78)/65 (49–76) | NR | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 23/32 | 8/1 |
| Kauppi | 2015 | Finland | 74/79 | 59/68 | 66 (51–85)/63 (39–82) | 61/62 | 8 | MIE | 14/17 | 12/14 | 17/13 | 28/25 | 46/54 |
| Law | 1997 | China | 18/63 | 13/55 | 66 (43–80)/63 (36–84) | NR | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 5/15 | 13/45 |
| Chen | 2010 | China | 67/38 | 45/25 | 61 ± 7/66 ± 6 | NR | 7 | MIE | 15/4 | 10/3 | 9/2 | 42/15 | 25/23 |
| Gao | 2011 | China | 96/78 | 89/70 | 58.5 ± 7.3/59.1 ± 6.4 | NR | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 54/40 | 42/38 |
| Shen | 2012 | China | 76/71 | 52/50 | 60.9 ± 9/62.6 ± 8.7 | NR | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 41/44 | 35/27 |
| Liu | 2012 | China | 98/105 | 67/71 | 62.3 ± 10.1/65.8 ± 7.6 | NR | 6 | MIE | 13/18 | 40/37 | 6/8 | 51/43 | 47/62 |
| Mao | 2012 | China | 34/38 | 28/26 | 62/60 | NR | 6 | TA | NR | NR | NR | 27/21 | 7/17 |
| Wang | 2012 | China | 260/322 | 194/232 | 61.6 ± 8.761.2 ± 8.8 | 37/44 | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 201/234 | 59/88 |
| MU | 2014 | China | 176/142 | 116/106 | 60 (55–66)/59 (54–62) | NR | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 120/109 | 56/33 |
| Meng | 2014 | China | 94/89 | 65/63 | 59.7 ± 9.3/61.1 ± 6.7 | NR | 7 | MIE | 11/14 | 27/31 | 12/10 | 56/50 | 38/39 |
| Zhang | 2014 | China | 60/61 | 48/47 | 62.4 ± 8/61.8 ± 8.4 | NR | 6 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 41/42 | 19/19 |
| Chen | 2015 | China | 59/59 | 42/40 | 57 (41–72)/56 (48–71) | NR | 7 | MIE | 4/2 | 1/0 | 2/3 | 56/55 | 3/4 |
| Yang | 2015 | China | 62/62 | 45/45 | 62 ± 9/62 ± 8 | NR | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 44/43 | 18/19 |
| Li | 2015 | China | 89/318 | 66/227 | 73 (70–83)/73 (70–85) | NR | 7 | MIE | NR | NR | NR | 64/188 | 25/126 |
NT neoadjuvant therapy, NOS Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale, MIO minimally invasive oesophagectomy, including MIE,TA, and hybrid MIE, OE open esophagectomy, MIE total minimally invasive esophagectomy, TA thoracoscopic-assisted MIE, Hybrid hybrid minimally invasive oesophagectomy