Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and PVTT.
| Characteristics | Therapeutic responses | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CR, PR (n = 35) | SD, PD (n = 114) | ||
| Age (years), median (range) | 60 (36–78) | 58 (21–94) | 0.681 |
| Male : female | 27 : 8 | 89 : 25 | 0.908 |
| Hepatitis B virus | 0.041 | ||
| Yes | 14 (40.0%) | 68 (59.6%) | |
| No | 21 (60.0%) | 46 (40.4%) | |
| Hepatitis C virus | 0.003 | ||
| Yes | 20 (57.1%) | 34 (29.8%) | |
| No | 15 (42.9%) | 80 (70.2%) | |
| Maximum tumor size (cm) Median (range) | 5.0 (0.8–14.4) | 5.6 (0.5–19.0) | 0.951 |
| AFP (ng/mL), median (range) | 216.0 (2.0–33327.0) | 294.0 (2.4–1183010) | 0.062 |
| Tumor number | 0.808 | ||
| Solitary | 14 (40.0%) | 43 (37.7%) | |
| Multiple | 21 (60.0%) | 71 (62.3%) | |
| Tumor distribution | 0.856 | ||
| Unilobar | 23 (65.7%) | 73 (64.0%) | |
| Bilobar | 12 (34.3%) | 41 (36.0%) | |
| Portal vein tumor thrombosis | 0.053 | ||
| Vp4 | 10 (28.6%) | 46 (40.4%) | |
| Vp3 | 12 (34.3%) | 49 (43.0%) | |
| Vp2 | 13 (37.1%) | 18 (15.8%) | |
| Vp1 | 0 | 1 (0.8%) | |
| Duration of radiotherapy (days), median (range) | 17 (4–44) | 15 (1–52) | 0.220 |
| Total radiation dose (Gy), median (range) | 39 (20–60) | 30 (5–60) | 0.097 |
| Radiotherapeutic response of PVTT | <0.0001 | ||
| CR, PR | 21 (60.0%) | 14 (12.3%) | |
| SD, PD | 14 (40.0%) | 67 (58.8%) | |
| N/A | 0 | 33 (28.9%) | |
| Additional locoregional therapy | 0.007 | ||
| Yes | 21 (60.0%) | 39 (34.2%) | |
| No | 14 (40.0%) | 75 (65.8%) | |
| Chemotherapy | 0.944 | ||
| Sorafenib | 8 (22.8%) | 25 (21.9%) | |
| Other | 10 (28.6%) | 30 (26.3%) | |
| No | 17 (48.6%) | 59 (51.8%) | |
CR: complete response; PR: partial response; SD: stable disease; PD: progression disease; AFP: alpha-fetoprotein; PVTT: portal vein tumor thrombosis; Vp1, PVTT in distal portal branches; Vp2, PVTT in second-order portal branches; Vp3, PVTT in first-order portal branches; Vp4, PVTT in the main portal trunk; N/A: not available.