TABLE 1.
Summary of the effectiveness, ES (low CI.95, high CI.95), for eliciting changes in response of measure of interest between the various methods of exercise based on the durations of training.
| BM | FM | FFM | BMI | SBP | DBP | VO2 | Insulin | Glu | A1c | OB | Adip | IL-6 | CRP | TNF-α | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Within <8-weeks of training | |||||||||||||||
| ET v. RT | -0.11 (-0.49, 0.27) |
-0.39 (-0.80, 0.02) |
-0.26 (-0.84, 0.01) |
-0.28 (-0.73, 0.17) |
0.00 (-0.71, 0.71) |
-2.45 (-3.77, -1.13) |
-0.69 (-1.33, -0.04) |
0.04 (-0.46, 0.54) |
-0.16 (-0.63, 0.31) |
-0.15 (-0.69, 0.39) |
0.07 (-0.87, 0.14) |
-0.37 (-0.87, 0.14) |
-0.26 (-1.26, 0.75) |
-0.94 (-1.99, 0.12) |
-0.38 (-1.20, 0.45) |
| ET v. E+R | -0.26 (-0.62, 0.11) |
-0.40 (-0.83, 0.03) |
-0.18 (-0.89, 0.53) |
0.09 (-0.28, 0.45) |
--- | --- | 0.60 (-0.12, 1.09) |
0.32 (-0.63, 0.90) |
0.07 (-0.44, 0.57) |
0.22 (-0.28, 0.72) |
-0.19 (-0.63, 0.26) |
0.21 (-0.19, 0.64) |
-0.19 (-0.82, 0.44) |
-0.23 (-0.94, 0.48) |
-0.55 (-1.27, 0.17) |
| E+R v. RT | 0.02 (-0.37, 0.42) |
-0.03 (-0.46, 0.39) |
-0.08 (-0.78, 0.63) |
-0.21 (-0.68, 0.27) |
--- | --- | -1.26 (-1.35, -0.54) |
-0.23 (-0.86, 0.41) |
-0.17 (-0.71, 0.37) |
-0.30 (-0.88, 0.28) |
0.20 (-0.25, 0.65) |
-1.02 (-1.64, -0.41) |
0.22 (-0.42, 0.85) |
-0.55 (-1.27, 0.17) |
0.21 (-0.61, 1.03) |
| Within 9-15 weeks of training | |||||||||||||||
| ET v. RT | -0.05 (-0.31, 0.20) |
-0.34 (-0.59, -0.08) |
-0.18 (-0.48, 0.13) |
-0.08 (-0.36, 0.20) |
0.41 (0.13, 0.95) |
0.13 (-0.41, 0.66) |
0.24 (-0.06, 0.53) |
-0.17 (-0.67, 0.34) |
-0.10 (-0.61, 0.40) |
-0.22 (-0.65, 0.21) |
0.02 (-0.62, 0.65) |
-0.13 (-0.52, 0.26) |
-0.29 (-0.83, 0.24) |
0.05 (-0.59, 0.68) |
-1.10 (-1.78, -0.42) |
| ET v. E+R | -0.12 (-0.41, 0.18) |
-0.19 (-0.51, 0.12) |
-0.25 (-0.62, 0.11) |
-0.07 (-0.37, 0.25) |
-0.73 (-1.33, -0.14) |
0.24 (-0.34, 0.82) |
0.41 (0.08, 0.73) |
-0.15 (-0.63, 0.32) |
0.09 (-0.46, 0.48) |
0.06 (-0.32, 0.44) |
--- | -0.20 (-0.65, 0.25) |
0.04 (-0.60, 0.67) |
0.02 (-0.56, 0.59) |
0.23 (-0.59, 1.05) |
| E+R v. RT | 0.03 (-0.39, 0.46) |
-0.34 (-0.70, 0.03) |
0.11 (-0.32, 0.53) |
-0.08 (-0.51, 0.35) |
1.35 (0.45, 2.26 |
-0.13 (-0.95, 0.68) |
-0.10 (-0.55, 0.43) |
0.21 (-0.61, 1.02) |
-0.11 (-0.92, 0.71) |
-0.54 (-1.13, 0.05) |
--- | 0.13 (-0.45, 0.71) |
-0.30 (-1.12, 0.53) |
0.05 (-0.66, 0.76) |
-1.09 (-1.97, -0.22) |
| Within 16-23 weeks of training | |||||||||||||||
| ET v. RT | 0.07 (-0.26, 0.40) |
0.23 (-0.16, 0.62) |
0.02 (-0.43, 0.46) |
0.04 (-0.35, 0.44) |
0.25 (-0.23, 0.72) |
0.13 (-0.34, 0.61) |
0.23 (-0.20, 0.66) |
0.63 (0.17, 1.08) |
0.38 (-0.03, 0.79) |
0.11 (-0.32, 0.53) |
--- | -1.06 (-1.93, -0.18) |
--- | -0.50 (-1.07, 0.10) |
--- |
| ET v. E+R | -0.26 (-0.59, 0.08) |
-0.08 (-0.48, 0.31) |
0.02 (-0.43, 0.46) |
-0.55 (-1.00, -0.09) |
-0.13 (-0.63, 0.34) |
-0.30 (-0.80, 0.20) |
0.43 (-0.03, 0.88) |
0.58 (0.10, 1.06) |
0.07 (-0.38, 0.52) |
-0.77 (-1.26, -0.29) |
--- | 0.39 (-0.25, 1.03) |
--- | 0.03 (-0.67, 0.70) |
--- |
| E+R v. RT | 0.32 (-0.02, 0.65) |
0.33 (-0.05, 0.71) |
0.00 (-0.37, 0.38) |
0.65 (0.21, 1.09) |
0.35 (-0.29, 0.99) |
0.45 (-0.19, 1.09) |
-0.15 (-0.79, 0.48) |
-0.01 (-0.49, 0.46) |
0.31 (-0.20, 0.81) |
0.82 (0.30, 1.34) |
-1.61 (-2.55, -0.87) |
-0.86 (-1.91, -0.18) |
--- | --- | --- |
| Within 24-36 weeks of training | |||||||||||||||
| ET v. RT | 0.28 (-0.06, 0.61) |
-0.77 (-1.13, -0.40) |
-0.07 (-0.46, 0.33) |
0.70 (0.25, 1.13) |
--- | --- | 0.55 (0.13, 0.96) |
0.21 (-0.27, 0.68) |
0.03 (-0.47, 0.53) |
0.57 (0.09, 1.05) |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| ET v. E+R | -0.13 (-0.51, 0.24) |
-0.12 (-0.53, 0.29) |
-0.03 (-0.50, 0.44) |
-0.11 (-0.56, 0.33) |
--- | --- | 0.09 (-0.32, 0.50) |
--- | 0.03 (-0.47, 0.53) |
0.41 (-0.06, 0.89) |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| E+R v. RT | 0.49 (0.07, 0.90) |
-0.72 (-1.19, -0.26) |
-0.04 (-0.49, 0.41) |
0.67 (0.12, 1.22) |
1.00 (-0.06, 2.06) |
0.41 (-0.60, 1.42) |
1.09 (0.02, 2.16) |
--- | -0.01 (-0.82, 0.81) |
0.15 (-0.43, 0.72) |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Within >36-weeks of training | |||||||||||||||
| ET v. RT | -0.33 (-0.72, 0.07) |
-0.21 (-0.66, 0.24) |
-0.44 (-1.08, 0.20) |
-0.54 (-0.99, -0.08) |
0.58 (-0.07, 1.23) |
0.48 (-0.17, 1.12) |
0.00 (-0.54, 0.54) |
-0.09 (-0.80, 0.62) |
0.07 (-0.47, 0.60) |
-0.48 (-1.12, 0.17) |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| ET v. E+R | -0.34 (-0.75, 0.07) |
-0.15 (-0.60, 0.29) |
-0.44 (-1.07, 0.21) |
-0.27 (-0.67, 0.12) |
0.43 (-0.04, 0.91) |
-0.18 (-0.65, 0.30) |
-0.20 (-0.63, 0.23) |
0.08 (-0.49, 0.66) |
0.11 (-0.47, 0.69) |
-0.06 (-0.59, 0.48) |
--- | --- | --- | (7.14) (5.57, 8.70) |
--- |
| E+R v. RT | 0.03 (-0.60, 0.66) |
-0.09 (-0.80, 062) |
-0.13 (-1.13, 0.88) |
-0.38 (-0.86, 0.10) |
0.43 (-0.11, 0.90) |
0.67 (0.16, 1.28) |
0.24 (-0.34, 0.82) |
-0.15 (-0.85, 0.56) |
-0.05 (-0.68, 0.59) |
-0.42 (-0.96, 0.12) |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Note: Note that comparisons based on endurance versus resistance training methods (El v. RT), endurance versus combination of endurance and resistance training methods (ET v. E+R), combination of endurance and resistance versus resistance training methods (E + R v RT). Negative (-) values indicate favor toward the second exercise group in the comparison between the methods of exercise, while ‘---‘ indicates indicates not enough studies in the group to determine pooled effect size and CI.95.