eTable 5a. Comparison of weighted and age-standardized prevalences and means*1.
| Men in eastern Germany | Women in eastern Germany | |||||||
| Survey period | p-value | Survey period | p-value | |||||
| 1990–1992 | 1997–1999 | 2008–2011 | p*2 | 1990–1992 | 1997–1999 | 2008–2011 | p*2 | |
| Health-related behavior and BMI | ||||||||
| No exercise (%, 95% CI) |
49.2 [45.4; 53.1] |
56.4 [52.1; 60.6] |
35.5 [31.3; 40.0] |
<0.0001* | 58.7 [55.0; 62.3] |
51.9 [48.2; 55.5] |
34.9 [30.4; 39.6] |
<0.0001* |
| Smoking (%, 95% CI) |
38.3 [35.7; 41.0] |
37.5 [33.7; 41.5] |
35.8 [31.2; 40.7] |
0.6411 | 18.0 [15.4; 20.9] |
21.4 [24.3; 30.8] |
31.1 [27.8; 34.7] |
<0.0001* |
| BMI ≥ 30 (%, 95% CI) |
22.3 [18.6; 24.5] |
24.8 [20.4; 29.7] |
23.6 [19.0; 29.7] |
0.7208 | 27.6 [24.8; 30.5] |
25.8 [22.4; 29.5] |
25.4 [21.2; 30.1] |
0.6719 |
| Blood pressure | ||||||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (mean. 95% CI) |
143.3 [141.1; 145.5] |
133.8 [132.3; 135.4] |
129.4 [127.9; 130.9] |
<0.0001* | 136.6 [134.7; 138.5] |
129.6 [128.2; 131.0] |
122.4 [120.8; 124.0] |
<0.0001* |
| Self-reported hypertension (%, 95% CI) |
29.2 [26.2; 32.4] |
25.9 [22.7; 29.4] |
39.1 [34.9; 43.5] |
<0.0001* | 31.7 [28.6; 35.1] |
28.3 [25.4; 31.4] |
34.8 [31.9; 37.8] |
0.0070* |
| Use of antihyper-tensive drugs (%, 95% CI) |
19.0 [16.5; 21.6] |
19.8 [19.4; 22.5] |
27.7 [24.0; 31.8] |
<0.0001* | 23.6 [21.4; 25.9] |
23.5 [20.7; 26.5] |
25.1 [22.1; 28.4] |
0.6674 |
| Cholesterol | ||||||||
| Total cholesterol,mmol/L (mean, 95% CI) |
6.29 [6.21; 6.38] |
6.25 [6.18; 6.33] |
5.41 [5.30; 5.51] |
<0.0001* | 6.18 [6.09; 6.27] |
6.07 [5.99; 6.15] |
5.39 [5.25; 5.54] |
<0.0001* |
| Self-reported hyperlipidemia (%, 95% CI) |
9.90 [8.00; 12.2] |
20.2 [17.7; 23.0] |
23.6 [20.3; 27.2] |
<0.0001* | 9.13 [7.37; 11.2] |
16.9 [14.2; 19.9] |
20.6 [17.5; 24.0] |
<0.0001* |
| Use of lipid-lowering drugs (%, 95% CI) |
2.83 [1.88; 4.23] |
5.91 [4.49; 7.75] |
10.0 [7.90; 12.7] |
<0.0001* | 2.82 [1.98; 4.01] |
6.46 [5.12; 8.13] |
8.35 [6.74; 10.3] |
<0.0001* |
| Blood sugar | ||||||||
| Serum glucose, mmol/L (mean, 95% CI) |
5.88 [5.76; 6.00] |
5.82 [5.66; 5.98] |
5.32 [5.18; 5.47] |
<0.0001* | 5.77 [5.61; 5.93] |
5.50 [5.40; 5.60] |
5.03 [4.93; 5.13] |
<0.0001* |
| Self-reported diabetes (%, 95% CI) |
5.00 [3.82; 6.51] |
7.13 [5.74; 8.83] |
6.41 [4.57; 8.92] |
0.1296 | 5.66 [4.27; 7.46] |
4.86 [3.49; 6.74] |
6.03 [4.35; 8.30] |
0.6230 |
| Use of antidiabetic drugs (%. 95% CI) |
3.29 [2.34; 4.62] |
5.26 [3.95; 6.97] |
3.98 [2.53; 6.22] |
0.1075 | 3.62 [2.43; 5.36] |
3.76 [2.55; 5.51] |
3.89 [2.57; 5.84] |
0.9700 |
BMI, body-mass index; CI, confidence interval; OW91, East/West Health Survey (Germany) 1991; BGS98, German National Health Interview and Examination 1998; DEGS1, German Health
Interview and Examination Survey for Adults 2008–2011
Significance level for p-values: * p<0,05
*1 of: lack of exercise, smoking behavior, obesity, high blood pressure, total cholesterol, serum glucose, use of antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and antidiabetic drugs, and self-reported hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes; comparison of secular trends in the survey periods of the OW91, BGS98, and DEGS1 in men vs. women in eastern Germany, aged 25–69
*2 Test for difference