Effect of MEHP and MiNP on CAR/PXR and PPAR target gene expression in primary human hepatocytes. Cultured primary hepatocytes from human donors were treated with control compounds (DMSO, CITCO, WY14643, and TG) and various doses of MEHP and MiNP for 24 h. Total RNA was harvested and used for production of cDNA. RT-PCR was performed on cDNA samples isolated from the cells to quantify CYP2B6, CYP3A4, acyl CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), angiopoietin like 4 (ANGPTL4), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogensase (GAPDH; as an internal reference). Values were expressed as fold induction relative to DMSO-treated cells and represent the average of two replicate samples.