Table 1.

Average values of the main parameters for the main experiment in all conditions

	Vertical Rest			Vertical Active
	Slow	Medium	Fast	Slow	Medium	Fast
Elbow rotation, °	3.19 (1.67)	3.58 (2.09)	4.35 (2.42)	3.46 (2.26)	4.17 (2.36)	4.14 (2.42)
Shoulder elevation angle, °	46.65 (4.07)	48.16 (6.09)	47.27 (5.47)	42.47 (5.81)	43.77 (5.36)	45.77 (8.19)
MD, s	0.90 (0.17)	0.72 (0.13)	0.63 (0.11)	0.89 (0.14)	0.66 (0.09)	0.60 (0.09)
RMS, AU	0.02 (0.01)	0.02 (0.01)	0.01 (0.01)	0.08 (0.02)	0.08 (0.03)	0.08 (0.03)
PV, m/s	1.20 (0.20)	1.53 (0.28)	1.74 (0.24)	1.05 (0.26)	1.47 (0.27)	1.70 (0.32)
PA, m/s2	0.03 (0.008)	0.04 (0.01)	0.05 (0.01)	0.02 (0.01)	0.04 (0.02)	0.05 (0.02)
AD/MD	0.40 (0.04)	0.42 (0.04)	0.41 (0.03)	0.44 (0.04)	0.45 (0.03)	0.44 (0.02)
SD of angular displacement, °	1.80 (0.76)	2.08 (1.09)	1.95 (0.92)	2.18 (1.20)	2.23 (0.73)	2.36 (0.87)
C ratio	1.85 (0.11)	1.85 (0.09)	1.87 (0.08)	1.75 (0.07)	1.80 (0.04)	1.83 (0.07)

Data are average (SD) values of the main parameters for the main experiment in all conditions. Elbow rotation and shoulder elevation angle represent the angle between arm and forearm and the angular amplitude of the arm during movement, respectively. MD, PV, PA, and AD/MD correspond to movement duration, peak velocity, peak acceleration, and normalized time of the acceleration phase, respectively. RMS is the root mean square of the EMG signal between 450 ms and 150 ms before movement onset. The SD of angular displacement corresponds to the SD of shoulder elevation angle. C ratio is the ratio of peak to mean velocity evaluated between movement onset and offset.

AU, arbitrary units.