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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 8.
Published in final edited form as: Science. 2013 May 3;340(6132):619–621. doi: 10.1126/science.1234848

Fig. 4. Reduced R-loop formation releases transcriptional repression of COOLAIR.

Fig. 4

(A) Strand-specific nuclear run-on (NRO) analysis (26) of transcription rate of COOLAIR. Error bars are SEM from four biological replicates. (B) Quantification of nascent and read-through transcripts of sense FLC by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Error bars are SEM of nine biological replicates. Data were normalized to UBC21 and then to region e. (C) FLC expression in the histone K4 demethylase mutant fld (7), fld/eoc1, the RNA-binding protein mutant fca (4), and fca/eoc1 assessed by Northern blotting. (D) Model of how the R-loop influences lncRNA COOLAIR expression. AtNDX stabilizes the R-loop by binding to an ssDNA strand. This may lead to Pol II stalling and/or abortion of transcription (21), or it could affect cotranscriptional RNA metabolism (4, 22). *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001.