Table 1.

Clinical scenarios in which SDM may be appropriate.

Specific Scenarios	Published & Ongoing Research
Low risk chest pain: disposition*	Studied in a single center and recently completed multicenter trial4,5
Low risk head trauma: imaging*	Currently under investigation6,8
Stroke: tPA*	Qualitative work,13 Development of decision aid14,15
End of Life Care	ICU intervention under investigation16
Suspected renal colic: imaging*
Acute Otitis Media: Treatment	In development
LP after negative head CT for SAH*
Pain medication choice upon discharge	Observational study17
CTPA after low-positive D-dimer*	Hypothetical study18
Syncope: disposition*	Qualitative work19
Stable PE patient: disposition*
Stable community acquired pneumonia: disposition*
Management of well-appearing febrile infants <2 months of age
Bronchiolitis: disposition
CT for diverticulitis
Analgesic selection/opiate prescribing	Qualitative work,20 Prospective observational studies17
Antibiotics for URIs	Mixed methods study under investigation21

tPA: tissue plasminogen activator. LP: lumbar puncture. CT: computed tomography. SAH: sub-arachnoid hemorrhage. CTPA: computed tomography pulmonary angiography. PE: pulmonary embolism.

^*Indicates endorsement as appropriate “all” or “most of the time” by a majority of EM physicians in a recent survey.¹²