Table 1.

Natural and synthetic ligands, physiological role, and tissue expression of PPARγ.

Natural ligands	Refs.	Synthetic ligands	Refs.	Tissue expression	Refs.	Physiological role	Refs.
Unsaturated Fatty Acids	[44]	Pioglitazone	[88]	High-Adipose tissue (white and brown)	[1], [155]	Glucose homoeostasis	[133], [42]
Prostaglandin A1	[8]	Rosiglitazone	[96]	Low-Intestines, Liver, Retina	[16]	Lipid storage	[155]
15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2	[180]	Troglitazone	[96]	Low-Heart	[16]	Differentiation and maturation of adipocytes	[155]
Nitroalkenes	[140]	Ciglitazone	[122]	Low-Muscle	[162]	Fatty acid oxidation	[14], [15]
Oxidized phospholipids	[39]	Glitazars	[2]	Low-Brain (oligodendrocytes, neurons, astrocytes, microglia)	[109], [61]
		PPARγ modulators	[177]
		Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs	[95]