Table 3. Crude and adjusted odds ratio for the risk of cerebral microbleeds.
| Variable | Crude | p-value | Model 1 | p-value | Model 2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI)† | OR (95% CI)† | OR (95% CI)† | ||||
| Age | 1.02 (0.98–1.07) | 0.37 | 1.02 (0.98–1.07) | 0.36 | 1.05 (0.98–1.13) | 0.15 |
| Sex (Male) | 0.96 (0.55–1.70) | 0.90 | 0.93 (0.53–1.66) | 0.81 | 0.90 (0.39–2.06) | 0.80 |
| BMI ≥25 kg/m2 | 1.42 (0.73–2.76) | 0.30 | 1.02 (0.51–1.63) | 0.76 | 1.24 (0.47–3.24) | 0.66 |
| Hypertension | 1.46 (0.73–2.76) | 0.17 | 1.47 (0.86–2.54) | 0.16 | 1.36 (0.62–2.98) | 0.44 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.35 (0.78–2.34) | 0.29 | 1.38 (0.79–2.40) | 0.26 | 1.59 (0.74–3.42) | 0.23 |
| diabetes mellitus | 0.82 (0.35–1.89) | 0.63 | 0.84 (0.36–1.96) | 0.68 | 0.81 (0.26–2.56) | 0.72 |
| history of stroke | 2.21 (0.74–6.62) | 0.44 | 2.17 (0.72–6.49) | 0.17 | 1.42 (0.31–6.46) | 0.65 |
| history of cardiovascular disease | 4.37 (0.72–26.7) | 0.11 | 3.97 (0.63–24.9) | 0.14 | 2.94 (0.31–28.2) | 0.35 |
| Drinking | 0.60 (0.35–1.04) | 0.07 | 0.59 (0.34–1.05) | 0.73 | 0.65 (0.30–1.38) | 0.26 |
| Smoking | 0.51 (0.19–1.38) | 0.18 | 0.54 (0.19–1.48) | 0.23 | 1.07 (0.31–3.68) | 0.92 |
| antiplatelet therapy | 2.19 (0.99–4.84) | 0.53 | 2.12 (0.94–4.76) | 0.07 | 2.16 (0.64–7.25) | 0.21 |
| anticoagulant therapy | 1.65 (0.47–5.80) | 0.44 | 1.63 (0.46–5.80) | 0.45 | 2.77 (0.57–13.6) | 0.21 |
| Education ≤12 years | 1.35 (0.78–2.34) | 0.29 | 1.32 (0.75–2.31) | 0.34 | 0.70 (0.33–1.47) | 0.35 |
| baPWV (m/s) ± SD | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.44 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.65 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.54 |
| hs-CRP ≥0.1 mg/dL | 1.18 (0.66–2.13) | 0.57 | 1.15 (0.64–2.08) | 0.64 | 0.72 (0.32–1.61) | 0.43 |
| Dental caries+ | 1.35 (0.77–2.37) | 0.30 | 1.37 (0.77–2.44) | 0.28 | 0.92 (0.42–2.01) | 0.83 |
| CPI ≥ code 3 | 1.83 (1.03–3.25) | 0.04 | 1.84 (1.04–3.27) | 0.04 | 2.01 (0.95–4.28) | 0.07 |
| APOE ε4 allele carrier | 0.84 (0.40–1.75) | 0.64 | 0.87 (0.48–1.58) | 0.66 | 0.89 (0.33–2.38) | 0.81 |
| Collagen binding activity ≥10% | 9.11 (4.94–16.8) | <0.01 | 9.68 (5.17–18.1) | <0.01 | 14.3 (6.53–31.1) | <0.01 |
†Odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), Bold values mean statistical significance at p < 0.05.
Model 1: adjusted by age and sex.
Model 2: adjusted by age, sex, BMI, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, history of stroke and cardiovascular disease, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulant therapy, education, baPWV, hs-CRP, dental caries, CPI, APOE ε4 allele carrier and collagen binding activity.
BMI; Body mass index, CPI; Community Periodontal Index.