Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of motorcycle/moped riders injured in traffic crashes in Hawai‘i, by helmet usage, 2007–2009
| Helmeted | Unhelmeted | Total | |
| All riders, n (%) | 644 (32.8%) | 1,321 (67.2%) | 1,965 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 35.3 (14.2) | 36.2 (14.3) | 35.9 (14.3) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 541 (84.0%) | 1,022 (77.4%)* | 1,563 (79.5%) |
| Female | 103 (16.0%) | 299 (22.6%)* | 402 (20.5%) |
| Residence status, n (%) | |||
| Hawai‘i resident | 559 (86.8%) | 1,095 (82.9%)* | 1,654 (84.3%) |
| Non-resident | 84 (13.0%) | 223 (16.9%)* | 307 (15.6%) |
| Unknown | 1 (0.2%) | 3 (0.2%) | 4 (0.2%) |
| Principal payer, n (%) | |||
| Dept. of Defense | 114 (17.7%) | 44 (3.3%)* | 158 (8.0%) |
| Private insurance | 404 (62.7%) | 791 (59.9%) | 1,195 (60.8%) |
| Income-qualifying/Medicaid | 32 (5.0%) | 178 (13.5%)* | 210 (10.7%) |
| Self-pay | 63 (9.8%) | 255 (19.3%)* | 318 (16.2%) |
| Other | 31 (4.8%) | 53 (4.0%) | 84 (4.3%) |
| Motorcycle riders, n (%) | 544 | 544 | 1,088 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 34.8 (13.7) | 39.0 (13.8)* | 36.9 (13.9) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 481 (88.4%) | 468 (86.0%) | 949 (87.2%) |
| Female | 63 (11.6%) | 76 (14.0%) | 139 (12.8%) |
| Residence status, n (%) | |||
| Hawai‘i resident | 475 (87.3%) | 499 (91.7%)* | 974 (89.6%) |
| Non-resident | 68 (12.5%) | 45 (8.3%)* | 113 (10.4%) |
| Unknown | 1 (0.2%) | 0 | 1 (0.1%) |
| Principal payer, n (%) | |||
| Dept. of Defense | 108 (19.9%) | 26 (4.8%)* | 134 (12.3%) |
| Private insurance | 339 (62.3%) | 341 (62.7%) | 680 (62.5%) |
| Income-qualifying/Medicaid | 27 (5.0%) | 71 (13.1%)* | 98 (9.0%) |
| Self-pay | 46 (8.5%) | 86 (15.8%)* | 132 (12.1%) |
| Other | 24 (4.4%) | 20 (3.7%) | 44 (4.0%) |
| Moped riders, n (%) | 100 | 777 | 877 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 37.9 (16.7) | 34.2 (14.3) | 34.6 (14.6) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 60 (60%) | 554 (71.3%)* | 614 (70.0%) |
| Female | 40 (40%) | 223 (27.7%)* | 263 (30.0%) |
| Residence status, n (%) | |||
| Hawai‘i resident | 84 (84%) | 596 (76.7%) | 680 (77.8%) |
| Non-resident | 16 (16%) | 178 (22.9%) | 194 (22.1%) |
| Unknown | 0 | 3 (0.4%) | 3 (0.3%) |
| Principal payer, n (%) | |||
| Dept. of Defense | 6 (6.0%) | 18 (2.3%)* | 24 (2.7%) |
| Private insurance | 65 (65.0%) | 450 (57.9%) | 515 (58.7%) |
| Income-qualifying/Medicaid | 5 (5.0%) | 107 (13.8%)* | 112 (12.8%) |
| Self-pay | 17 (17.0%) | 169 (21.8%) | 186 (21.2%) |
| Other | 7 (7.0%) | 33 (4.3%) | 40 (4.6%) |
*
Indicates statistically significant difference (P < .05), compared to helmeted riders.