Table 2.
Disposition and injury-related diagnoses of motorcycle and moped riders in Hawai‘i, by vehicle type and helmet usage, 2007–2009
| Moped riders | Motorcyclists | |||
| Helmeted (n=100) | Unhelmeted (n=777) | Helmeted (n=544) | Unhelmeted (n=544) | |
| Disposition | ||||
| discharged from ED | 75 (75.0%) | 542 (69.8%) | 328 (60.3%) | 266 (48.9%)* |
| admitted to hospital | 24 (24.0%) | 225 (29.0%) | 203 (37.3%) | 240 (44.1%)* |
| died | 1 (1.0%) | 10 (1.3%) | 13 (2.4%) | 38 (7.0%)* |
| Principal diagnosis | ||||
| fractures | 23 (23.0%) | 250 (32.2%) | 193 (35.5%) | 217 (39.9%) |
| fracture of skull | 3 (3.0%) | 69 (8.9%)* | 10 (1.8%) | 64 (11.8%)* |
| dislocations | 1 (1.0%) | 15 (1.9%) | 12 (2.2%) | 9 (1.7%) |
| sprains and strains | 8 (8.0%) | 41 (5.3%) | 40 (7.4%) | 17 (3.1%)* |
| internal | 14 (14.0%) | 110 (14.2%) | 86 (15.8%) | 81 (14.9%) |
| intracranial (no skull fracture) | 14 (14.0%) | 95 (12.2%) | 48 (8.8%) | 68 (12.5%)* |
| open wound | 16 (16.0%) | 140 (18.0%) | 42 (7.7%) | 63 (11.6%)* |
| contusion/superficial | 29 (29.0%) | 157 (20.2%)* | 122 (22.4%) | 91 (16.7%)* |
| other/unspecified injury | 5 (5.0%) | 42 (5.4%) | 34 (6.3%) | 34 (6.3%) |
| non-injury | 4 (4.0%) | 22 (2.8%) | 14 (2.6%) | 28 (5.2%)* |
| Any diagnosis | ||||
| any head injury | 35 (35.0%) | 392 (50.5%)* | 127 (23.4%) | 291 (53.5%)* |
| fracture of skull | 7 (7.0%) | 103 (13.3%) | 19 (3.5%) | 92 (16.9%)* |
| intracranial (no skull fracture) | 18 (18.0%) | 161 (20.7%) | 81 (14.9%) | 126 (23.2%)* |
| concussion | 12 (12.0%) | 121 (15.6%) | 69 (12.7%) | 85 (15.6%) |
| open wound | 17 (17.0%) | 225 (29.0%)* | 30 (5.5%) | 169 (31.0%)* |
| contusion/superficial | 1 (1.0%) | 9 (1.2%) | 1 (0.2%) | 10 (1.8%)* |
| traumatic brain injury | 22 (22.0%) | 273 (35.1%)* | 115 (21.1%) | 225 (41.4%)* |
| spinal cord injury | 1 (1.0%) | 3 (0.4%) | 5 (0.9%) | 6 (1.1%) |
*
Indicates statistically significant (P < .05) difference in proportion, compared to helmeted riders, within each vehicle type.