Table A1.
Mental health | Physical functioning | Social functioning | Role limitations | Pain 1 (head) | Pain 2 (arm) | Vitality 1 (walk) | Vitality 2 (tired) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||
β (se) | β (se) | β (se) | β (se) | β (se) | β (se) | β (se) | β (se) | |
Without covariates | ||||||||
Race/ethnicity (vs. U.S.-born non-Latino white) | ||||||||
1) U.S.-born Mexican | 0.15 3,4 | −0.22 | 0.06 | −0.32 | −0.05 2,3,4 | 0.18 3 | −0.02 | −0.01 2,3 |
(.2) | (.2) | (.22) | (.21) | (.21) | (.21) | (.2) | (.21) | |
2) U.S.-born non-Mexican Latino | −0.23 3,4 | −0.67 | −0.80 | −0.49 | −1.66 **, 1 | −0.09 | −0.07 | −0.73 *, 1 |
(.25) | (.57) | (.47) | (.36) | (.42) | (.33) | (.51) | (.33) | |
3) Mexican immigrant | −0.87 **,1, 2 | −0.67 ** | −0.35 | −0.56 ** | −2.28 **, 1 | −0.62 **, 1 | 0.00 | −0.60 **, 1 |
(.21) | (.2) | (.21) | (.2) | (.21) | (.2) | (.22) | (.21) | |
4) Non-Mexican Latino immigrant | −0.94 **,1, 2 | −0.63 * | 0.04 | −0.71 * | −2.05 **, 1 | −0.02 | 0.51 | −0.72 |
(.31) | (.31) | (.31) | (.31) | (.36) | (.36) | (.33) | (.38) | |
Threshold cutpoints | ||||||||
cutpoint 1 | −5.07 | −3.62 | −3.29 | −2.94 | −4.64 | −2.75 | −3.91 | −3.26 |
(.31) | (.24) | (.26) | (.21) | (.3) | (.21) | (.32) | (.23) | |
cutpoint 2 | −2.52 | −1.50 | −1.08 | −0.77 | −2.13 | −0.09 | −2.17 | −2.48 |
(.18) | (.15) | (.14) | (.14) | (.16) | (.15) | (.18) | (.17) | |
cutpoint 3 | −0.92 | 0.40 | 0.69 | 0.95 | −0.37 | 1.53 | 0.15 | −1.27 |
(.15) | (.14) | (.14) | (.15) | (.14) | (.17) | (.14) | (.13) | |
cutpoint 4 | 0.62 | 2.27 | 2.52 | 2.54 | 1.92 | 3.31 | 2.99 | 0.76 |
(.15) | (.18) | (.2) | (.22) | (.17) | (.27) | (.22) | (.13) | |
Log likelihood | −1918.75 | −1953.07 | −1986.66 | −2002.46 | −1838.59 | −1869.80 | −1686.65 | −1895.81 |
a Wald chi-square test statistic (4 df) | 31.06 ** | 12.66 * | 6.22 | 10.21 * | 152.53 ** | 16.7 ** | 2.82 | 14.75 ** |
| ||||||||
With covariates | ||||||||
Race/ethnicity (vs. U.S.-born non-Latino white) | ||||||||
1) U.S.-born Mexican | 0.54 | −0.10 | 0.35 | −0.21 | 0.29 2,3,4 | 0.60 * | 0.01 | 0.10 |
(.28) | (.24) | (.28) | (.25) | (.27) | (.26) | (.24) | (.26) | |
2) U.S.-born non-Mexican Latino | 0.51 | −0.40 | −0.32 | −0.29 | −1.24 **,1 | 0.39 | 0.00 | −0.47 |
(.35) | (.57) | (.52) | (.4) | (.44) | (.42) | (.56) | (.47) | |
3) Mexican immigrant | 0.37 | −0.08 | 0.16 | −0.02 | −0.90 *, 1 | 0.37 | 0.08 | 0.13 |
(.36) | (.32) | (.33) | (.32) | (.36) | (.4) | (.36) | (.38) | |
4) Non-Mexican Latino immigrant | 0.01 | −0.01 | 0.45 | −0.32 | −1.00 *, 1 | 0.77 | 0.55 | −0.12 |
(.41) | (.39) | (.42) | (.37) | (.43) | (.41) | (.37) | (.41) | |
Covariates | ||||||||
Age (in years) | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.02 | −0.02 | 0.05 | 0.02 | −0.02 | −0.05 |
(.03) | (.03) | (.03) | (.03) | (.03) | (.03) | (.03) | (.03) | |
Age-squared | −8E-05 | −3E-05 | −2E-04 | 2E-04 | 0.00 | −1E-04 | 0.00 | 4E-04 |
(.) | (.) | (.) | (.) | (.) | (.) | (.) | (.) | |
Male (vs. female) | −0.21 | 0.05 | −0.40 * | −0.17 ** | −0.51 ** | −0.35 * | −0.16 | −0.35 |
(.18) | (.17) | (.18) | (.18) | (.17) | (.17) | (.18) | (.2) | |
Married/cohabiting (vs. single) | 0.11 | 0.34 | 0.26 | 0.29 | −0.04 | 0.13 | 0.31 | 0.22 |
(.21) | (.19) | (.19) | (.19) | (.2) | (.19) | (.18) | (.19) | |
Interviewed in Spanish (vs. English) | −0.49 | −0.12 | 0.11 | −1.03 | −1.90 ** | −0.66 | 0.01 | −0.06 |
(.35) | (.31) | (.34) | (.32) | (.41) | (.3) | (.34) | (.38) | |
Employment status (vs. working full-time) | ||||||||
Working part-time/unknown amount | −0.42 | 0.18 | 0.09 | −0.44 | −0.20 | −0.11 | −0.14 | −0.29 |
(.28) | (.26) | (.3) | (.23) | (.29) | (.26) | (.23) | (.28) | |
Unemployed/not working/away from work | −0.31 | 0.17 | 0.32 | 0.03 | −0.25 | 0.05 | −0.20 | −0.70 ** |
(.23) | (.2) | (.22) | (.22) | (.2) | (.19) | (.2) | (.24) | |
Educational attainment (vs. less than HS) | ||||||||
HS Diploma/GED | −0.06 | 0.36 | 0.15 | −0.06 | −0.43 | −0.43 | 0.59 * | 0.02 |
(.28) | (.32) | (.31) | (.27) | (.27) | (.23) | (.28) | (.29) | |
Some post-secondary | 0.04 | 0.50 * | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.47 | 0.19 | 0.35 | 0.00 |
(.27) | (.26) | (.26) | (.24) | (.24) | (.23) | (.24) | (.25) | |
Covered by health insurance | −0.48 * | 0.22 | −0.17 | −0.31 * | 0.03 | −0.42 | 0.02 | −0.15 |
(.22) | (.23) | (.22) | (.23) | (.23) | (.23) | (.24) | (.23) | |
Has diagnosed severe condition | 0.18 | 0.20 | −0.08 | 0.20 | 0.31 | 1.14 ** | 0.17 | 0.00 |
(.32) | (.28) | (.32) | (.3) | (.33) | (.34) | (.3) | (.32) | |
Current smoker | 0.25 | −0.15 | 0.42 * | 0.24 | 0.15 | 0.19 | −0.21 | 0.00 |
(.23) | (.22) | (.2) | (.24) | (.25) | (.28) | (.21) | (.2) | |
Exhibits symptoms of depression | 0.06 | −0.04 | −0.24 | 0.01 | 0.39 | 0.16 | 0.28 | 0.30 |
(.22) | (.28) | (.24) | (.3) | (.22) | (.21) | (.26) | (.25) | |
Has usual source of health care | −0.41 * | 0.07 | −0.46 * | 0.54 | 0.20 | 0.06 | 0.08 | −0.17 |
(.2) | (.24) | (.2) | (.23) | (.21) | (.21) | (.27) | (.25) | |
Linguistic acculturation scale | 0.27 | 0.13 | 0.02 | −0.13 | 0.04 | 0.28 | −0.06 | 0.29 |
(.19) | (.18) | (.2) | (.18) | (.19) | (.18) | (.2) | (.18) | |
Obese | −0.36 * | 0.12 | −0.02 | −0.09 | −0.06 | 0.03 | −0.14 | −0.28 |
(.18) | (.16) | (.2) | (.17) | (.16) | (.16) | (.19) | (.2) | |
All/most friends are of different ethnicities, or split halfway | 0.12 | −0.47 ** | 0.06 | 0.01 | −0.26 | 0.16 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
(.19) | (.18) | (.19) | (.17) | (.18) | (.17) | (.18) | (.18) | |
Fair/poor self-rated health (SRH) in previous survey wave | 0.13 | 0.29 | −0.53 | 0.00 | −0.71 * | −0.59 * | 0.26 | −0.09 |
(.27) | (.3) | (.35) | (.26) | (.31) | (.26) | (.3) | (.29) | |
Missing information about poor SRH in previous wave | −0.26 | −0.30 | −0.08 | −0.03 | 0.04 | −0.03 | −0.23 | 0.10 |
(.24) | (.25) | (.28) | (.27) | (.25) | (.24) | (.3) | (.28) | |
Diagnosed other chronic condition | 0.39 | 0.07 | 0.43 * | 0.29 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.33 |
(.23) | (.2) | (.21) | (.19) | (.21) | (.21) | (.2) | (.21) | |
Census tract-level poverty stratum (vs. non-poor) | ||||||||
Very poor | −0.59 * | −0.01 | −0.19 | −0.17 | 0.28 | 0.43 | 0.15 | −0.14 |
(.25) | (.24) | (.24) | (.24) | 0.26 | (.22) | 0.29 | (.25) | |
Poor | −0.33 | −0.25 | −0.18 | 0.03 | 0.40 | 0.50 * | −0.07 | −0.14 |
(.19) | (.19) | (.21) | (.2) | 0.21 | (.2) | 0.21 | (.22) | |
| ||||||||
Threshold cutpoints | ||||||||
cutpoint 1 | −5.43 | −3.25 | −2.75 | −3.13 | −3.97 | −1.84 | −3.99 | −4.63 |
(.96) | (.81) | (.76) | (.67) | 0.86 | (.72) | 0.75 | (.75) | |
cutpoint 2 | −2.91 | −1.09 | −0.50 | −0.89 | −1.13 | 0.95 | −2.25 | −3.83 |
(.94) | (.77) | (.74) | (.66) | 0.81 | (.69) | 0.75 | (.75) | |
cutpoint 3 | −1.18 | 0.89 | 1.36 | 0.92 | 0.89 | 2.72 | 0.12 | −2.58 |
(.9) | (.76) | (.74) | (.66) | 0.80 | (.71) | 0.73 | (.75) | |
cutpoint 4 | 0.45 | 2.81 | 3.24 | 2.56 | 3.32 | 4.61 | 3.01 | −0.47 |
(.88) | (.76) | (.75) | (.66) | 0.81 | (.74) | 0.77 | (.75) | |
Log pseudo-likelihood | −1821.29 | −1917.51 | −1938.66 | −1954.56 | −1711.89 | −1791.91 | −1666.11 | −1857.99 |
a Wald chi-square test statistic (4 df) | 85.11 ** | 44.08 ** | 44.67 * | 54.35 ** | 325.04 ** | 76.82 ** | 24.13 | 45.54 * |
Notes: *p<.05, **p<.01, compared with white US-born. Superscripted numbers indicate significant differences among Latino subgroups (p<.05). Superscripted number 1 indicates that the coefficient for that group was significantly (p<.05) different than US-born Mexicans, superscripted number 2 indicates a significant difference from US-born non-Mexican Latinos, superscripted number 3 indicates a significant difference from Mexican immigrants, and superscripted number 4 indicates a significant difference from non-Mexican Latino immigrants. All estimates have been weighted using the L.A.FANS-2 sampling weights, and standard errors have been adjusted to account for clustering at the individual level. Missing data on covariates were imputed using imputation with chained equations in Stata. Because of the design of L.A.FANS, a sizeable number of respondents in Wave 2 were not interviewed in Wave 1. For these respondents, we include a flag in our regression models with covariaties to indicate that they were not interviewed in Wave 1.
Test statistic results are for Wald chi-square tests of the joint significance of the group of race/ethnicity variables.
p<.05
p<.01.