Table 4.
Comparison between survivors and fatalities
| Variable | Survivors (n=16) | Fatalities (n=5) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 50.3±15.3 | 50.2±31 | 0.842 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 5.3±3.2 | 7.8±0.22 | 0.212 |
| Creatine kinase–myocardial band isoenzyme (ng/mL) | 22.7±28.7 | 78.5±110.4 | 0.042 |
| Troponin I (ng/dL) | 2.2±4.1 | 2.8±2.1 | 0.133 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1±0.3 | 1.1±0.2 | 0.495 |
| Hematocrit (g/dL) | 38.3±4.2 | 34.8±6.0 | 0.109 |
| Platelet count (103/mL) | 196.8±53 | 144.8±46 | 0.004 |
| Central venous pressure (cm H2O) | 18.3±5.9 | 17.3±12.5 | 0.905 |
| Elapsed time to surgery (min) | 66.1±62.4 | 112.3±104.4 | 0.445 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 87±22.1 | 75±19.1 | 0.354 |
| Ventilator care (hr) | 65.4±141.3 | 11.9±12.9 | 0.842 |
| Hospital days (day) | 38.6±30.9 | 9.0±14.7 | 0.313 |
| Intensive care unit stay duration (day) | 11.4±12.9 | 8.5±14.3 | 0.445 |
| Injury Severity Score | 23.2±6.5 | 33.5±9.3 | 0.004 |
| Glasgow Coma Scale | 13.7±2.5 | 6.8±4.6 | 0.007 |
| Trauma and Injury Severity Score | 99.2±1.8 | 87.1±13.2 | 0.007 |
| Blood transfusion (packs) | 6.43±2.98 | 9±8.97 | 0.900 |
| Shock index (heart rate/SBP) | 1.3±0.56 | 1.65±0.54 | 0.186 |
| Diagnostic method | |||
| Chest CT | 8 (50.0) | 2 (40.0) | 0.696 |
| Echocardiography | 4 (25.0) | 3 (60.0) | 0.147 |
| CT and echocardiography | 4 (25.0) | 0 | 0.214 |
| Injury location | 0.437 | ||
| Left atrium | 2 (12.5) | 0 | |
| RA | 7 (43.8) | 2 (40.0) | |
| RA-superior vena cava | 2 (12.5) | 0 | |
| RA-IVC | 1 (6.3) | 0 | |
| RV-IVC | 1 (6.3) | 0 | |
| Left ventricle | 1 (6.3) | 2 (40.0) | |
| RV | 2 (12.5) | 1 (20.0) | |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass | 2 (12.5) | 2 (40.0) | 0.182 |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | 1 (6.3) | 1 (20.0) | 0.372 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%), unless otherwise stated.
SBP, systolic blood pressure; CT, computed tomography; RA, right atrium; IVC, inferior vena cava; RV, right ventricle.