Table 3.
Hemodynamic and cardiac parameters, and FMD during saline and ascorbic acid infusions.
| Premenopausal | Postmenopausal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saline | Ascorbic Acid | Saline | Ascorbic Acid | |
| Hemodynamic Measures | ||||
| SBP (mm Hg) | 105 ± 9 | 104 ± 8 | 119 ± 13 | 118 ± 14 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 66 ± 9 | 67 ± 7 | 70 ± 7 | 69 ± 8 |
| MAP (mm Hg) | 81 ± 10 | 80 ± 8 | 87 ± 8 | 86 ± 11 |
| Heart rate (beats·min−1) | 58 ± 7 | 59 ± 8† | 59 ± 6 | 59 ± 6 |
| Cardiac Parameters | ||||
| IVSd, cm | 0.91 ± 0.12 | – | 0.94 ± 0.18 | – |
| LVd, cm | 4.6 ± 0.4 | – | 4.9 ± 0.4 | – |
| LVEDV, ml | 98.9 ± 16.9 | – | 110.9 ± 21.8 | – |
| Stroke volume, ml | 64.0 ± 13.9 | – | 68.1 ± 17.1 | – |
| Ejection fraction, % | 64.8 ± 6.1 | – | 61.7 ± 9.9 | – |
| Fractional shortening, % | 35.4 ± 4.8 | – | 33.7 ± 9.9 | – |
| E (cm/s) | 84.6 ± 9.1 | 81.4 ± 8.3 | 71.2 ± 11.4* | 75.7 ± 14.2† |
| A (cm/s) | 47.3 ± 11.7 | 47.9 ± 10.1 | 60.1 ± 12.8* | 63.4 ± 15.7* |
| E/A a | 1.65 (1.53-2.30) | 1.65 (1.46-1.91) | 1.16 (1.06-1.33)* | 1.22 (1.11-1.35)* |
| Deceleration Time (ms) | 268.4 ± 48.5 | 229.1 ± 35.1† | 265.1 ± 44.8 | 233.1 ± 35.2† |
| e’ (cm/s) a | 12.75 (11.88-14.0) | 12.5 (11.5-13.5) | 8.5 (7.0-9.5)* | 9.0 (8.0-10.0)*† |
| a’ (cm/s) a | 7.25 (6.50-8.0) | 7.5 (6.88-8.0) | 8.5 (8.0-9.5)* | 9.0 (8.0-10.5)*† |
| E/e’ a | 6.6 (6.2-7.6) | 6.6 (5.5-7.3) | 8.8 (7.6-9.9)* | 8.1 (7.2-9.7)*† |
| FMD (%) | 10.0±2.1 | 10.2±1.9 | 5.4±2.0* | 7.8±2.6*† |
*
Different from premenopausal women
†
different from saline condition within group.
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; IVSd, interventricular septal thickness at diastole; LVd, left ventricular diastolic diameter; LVEDV, left ventricular end diastolic volume; E, peak early mitral inflow velocity; A, peak late mitral inflow velocity; e’, peak early mitral annular velocity; a’, peak late mitral annular velocity; FMD, flow mediated dilation;
a
Data are presented as median (interquartile range).