Table 1. HIV infection and demographic/sexual behavior characteristics in MSWs and ncMSM.
| Participants, n(%) | P | HIV-positive, n(%2) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSWs(n = 489) | ncMSM(n = 476) | MSWs(n = 14) | ncMSM(n = 80) | ||
| HIV-positive | 14(2.9) | 80(16.8) | <0.0011 | ||
| Syphilis-positive | <0.0011 | ||||
| Yes | 22(4.5) | 83(17.4) | 4(18.2)3 | 35(42.2)3 | |
| No | 467(95.5) | 393(82.6) | 10(2.1) | 45(11.5) | |
| Ever diagnosed with STIs | <0.0011 | ||||
| Yes | 4(0.8) | 46(9.7) | 1(25.0)4 | 8(17.4) | |
| No | 485(99.2) | 430(90.3) | 13(2.7) | 72(16.7) | |
| Age, years | <0.0015 | ||||
| <20 | 17(3.5) | 6(1.2) | 1(5.9) | 1(16.7)6 | |
| 20–29 | 443(90.6) | 196(41.2) | 12(2.7) | 25(12.8) | |
| ≥30 | 29(5.9) | 274(57.6) | 1(3.4) | 54(19.7) | |
| Length of stay in Shenzhen, years | <0.0015 | ||||
| <1 | 119(24.3) | 111(23.3) | 4(3.4) | 22(19.8) | |
| 1–2 | 237(48.5) | 74(15.6) | 6(2.5) | 17(23.0) | |
| >2 | 133(27.2) | 291(61.1) | 4(3.0) | 41(14.1) | |
| Venue type of recruitment | <0.0011 | ||||
| Bar | 315(64.4) | 112(23.5) | 7(2.2)4 | 7(6.3)3 | |
| Dorm-based venue | 161(32.9) | 102(21.4) | 5(3.1) | 10(9.8) | |
| Recreational center | 10(2.1) | 175(36.8) | 1(10.0) | 46(26.3) | |
| Sauna | 3(0.6) | 87(18.3) | 1(33.3) | 17(19.5) | |
| Education | <0.0015 | ||||
| Junior high school or less | 117(23.9) | 102(21.4) | 6(5.1)7 | 26(25.5)6 | |
| Senior high school | 287(58.7) | 161(33.8) | 7(2.4) | 34(21.1) | |
| College or above | 85(17.4) | 213(44.7) | 1(1.2) | 20(9.4) | |
| Employment | <0.0011 | ||||
| Unemployed/part-time/retired | 37(7.6) | 67(14.1) | 1(2.7) | 11(16.4) | |
| Full-time employed | 451(92.2) | 397(83.4) | 13(2.9) | 67(16.9) | |
| Student | 1(0.2) | 12(2,5) | 0(0) | 2(16.7) | |
| Monthly income, RMB | <0.0015 | ||||
| ≤3000 | 66(13.5 | 108(22.7) | 4(6.1) | 20(18.5)6 | |
| 3001–5000 | 168(34.4) | 234(49.2) | 5(3.0) | 44(18.8) | |
| >5000 | 255(52.1) | 134(28.1) | 5(2.0) | 16(11.9) | |
| Marital status | <0.0011 | ||||
| Married | 20(4.1) | 135(28.4) | 2(10.0) | 28(20.7) | |
| Unmarried | 469(95.9) | 341(71.6) | 12(2.4) | 52(15.2) | |
| Sexual orientation | <0.0011 | ||||
| Gay | 312(63.8) | 319(67.0) | 10(3.2) | 44(13.8)4 | |
| Bisexual | 42(8.6) | 105(22.1) | 0(0) | 26(24.8) | |
| Heterosexual or unsure | 135(27.6) | 52(10.9) | 4(3.0) | 10(19.2) | |
| Anal sex role | <0.0011 | ||||
| Insertive only | 218(44.6) | 188(39.5) | 7(3.2)4 | 25(13.3) | |
| Receptive only | 23(4.7) | 67(14.1) | 3(13.0) | 10(14.9) | |
| Both | 248(50.7) | 221(46.4) | 4(1.6) | 45(20.4) | |
| Gender of the first sexual partner | 0.1411 | ||||
| Male | 355(72.6) | 325(68.3) | 10(2.8) | 43(13.2)4 | |
| Female | 134(27.4) | 151(31.7) | 4(3.0) | 3(24.5) | |
| Age at sex debut, years | 0.0096 | ||||
| ≤18 | 127(26.0) | 69(14.5) | 2(1.6) | 11(15.9) | |
| 19–25 | 349(71.4) | 305(64.1) | 10(2.9) | 48(15.7) | |
| ≥26 | 13(2.7) | 102(21.4) | 2(15.4) | 21(20.6) | |
| Male sex partner8 | 0.0105 | ||||
| 0 | 158(32.3) | 71(14.9) | 4(2.5) | 13(18.3) | |
| 1 | 62(12.7) | 138(29.0) | 2(3.2) | 16 (11.6) | |
| >1 | 269(55.0) | 267(56.1) | 8(3.0) | 51(19.1) | |
| Female sex partner8 | <0.0015 | ||||
| 0 | 426(87.1) | 436(92.2) | 12(2.8) | 73(16.7) | |
| 1 | 19(3.9) | 34(7.2) | 1(5.3) | 7(20.6) | |
| >1 | 44(9.0) | 3(0.6) | 1(2.3) | 0(0) | |
| Had one-night stand with male partner8 | 0.2561 | ||||
| Yes | 296(60.5) | 305(64.1) | 7(2.4) | 58(19.0) | |
| No | 193(39.5) | 171(35.9) | 7(3.6) | 22(12.9) | |
| Group sex8 | 0.0201 | ||||
| Yes | 36(7.4) | 56(11.8) | 0(0) | 13(23.2) | |
| No | 453(92.6) | 420(88.2) | 14(3.1) | 67(16.0) | |
| Commercial male partner8 | - | ||||
| ≤4 | 21(43.1) | - | 8(3.8) | - | |
| >4 | 278(56.9) | - | 6(2.2) | - | |
| Sold sex to women8 | - | ||||
| Yes | 37(7.6) | - | 0(0) | - | |
| No | 452(92.4) | - | 14(3.1) | - | |
| Duration of sex work, years | - | ||||
| <1 | 135(27.6) | - | 1(0.7) | - | |
| 1–3 | 313(64.0) | - | 10(3.2) | - | |
| >3 | 41(8.4) | - | 3(7.3) | - | |
| Condom use with male sex partner8 | 0.0011 | ||||
| Yes | 400(81.8) | 348(73.1) | 8(2.0)4 | 61(17.5) | |
| No | 89(18.2) | 128(26.9) | 6(6.7) | 19(14.8) | |
| Condom use with female sex partner8 | <0.0011 | ||||
| Yes | 53(10.8) | 20(4.2) | 2(3.8) | 5(25.0) | |
| No | 436(89.2) | 456(95.8) | 12(2.8) | 75(16.4) | |
| Ever used illicit drugs | <0.0011 | ||||
| Yes | 128(26.2) | 189(39.7) | 6(4.7) | 24(12.7) | |
| No | 361(73.8) | 287(60.3) | 8(2.2) | 56(19.5) | |
| Had a previous HIV test | <0.0011 | ||||
| Yes | 373(76.3) | 306(64.3) | 7(1.9)4 | 36(11.8)3 | |
| No | 116(23.7) | 170(35.7) | 7(6.0) | 44(25.9) | |
1 Two-sided chi-square test of proportions
2 HIV-positive rate
3 P<0.001 and
4 P<0.05 by chi-square test of rate of HIV infection in different categories of MSWs and ncMSM
5 Non-parametric test
6 P<0.001 and
7 P<0.05 by non-parametric test of rate of HIV infection in different categories of MSWs and ncMSM
8 Within 6 months
STI, sexually transmitted infection