Table 2.
Characteristics of men with and without peripheral arterial disease
| Characteristics | Total N = 878 | Men with PAD (ABI <0.90) N = 61 | Men without PAD (ABI ≥0.90) N = 817 | p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytokines | ||||
| IL-6 pg/ml, median (interquartile range) | 2.40 (1.84) | 3.38 (2.16) | 2.34 (1.71) | <0.001 |
| IL-6 SR pg/ml, median (interquartile range) | 48636 (18103) | 50655 (19051) | 48494 (18064) | 0.232 |
| IL-10 pg/ml, median (interquartile range) | 8.98 (6.94) | 10.62 (5.69) | 8.87 (6.86) | 0.012 |
| TNFα pg/ml, median (interquartile range) | 3.95 (2.43) | 4.55 (2.24) | 3.91 (2.41) | 0.032 |
| TNFαSRI pg/ml, median (interquartile range) | 1918.50 (586.90) | 2210.50 (853.10) | 1900.70 (570.10) | 0.002 |
| TNFαSRII pg/ml, median (interquartile range) | 3499.80 (952.10) | 3856.85 (1202.90) | 3482.10 (922.70) | 0.029 |
| CRP ug/ml, median (interquartile range) | 1.40 (2.12) | 2.24 (3.94) | 1.37 (2.08) | 0.042 |
| CRP >3 ug/mL, n (%) | 209 (23.94) | 24 (40.68) | 185 (22.73) | 0.002 |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 73.71 ± 5.87 | 76.70 ± 5.99 | 73.48 ± 5.99 | <0.001 |
| None-white race, n (%) | 67 (7.63) | 4 (6.56) | 63 (7.71) | 1.000 |
| High school or less, n (%) | 217 (24.72) | 19 (31.15) | 198 (24.24) | 0.227 |
| Health status | ||||
| Self-rated health status, good/excellent, n (%) | 753 (85.86) | 44 (72.13) | 709 (86.89) | 0.001 |
| Body Mass Index (BMI), mean ± SD | 27.32 ± 3.56 | 26.05 ± 3.25 | 27.42 ± 3.56 | 0.004 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHG), mean ± SD | 139.09 ± 18.92 | 148.21 ± 24.13 | 138.41 ± 18.31 | <0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 106.68 ± 24.90 | 117.80 ± 41.47 | 105.83 ± 22.97 | 0.039 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 194.58 ± 32.84 | 191.44 ± 32.46 | 194.82 ± 32.87 | 0.442 |
| HDL (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 48.96 ± 14.65 | 48.32 ± 15.85 | 49.01 ± 14.57 | 0.435 |
| Medical conditions | ||||
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 139 (15.83) | 9 (14.75) | 130 (15.91) | 0.811 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 383 (43.62) | 39 (63.93) | 344 (42.11) | 0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 36 (4.10) | 7 (11.48) | 29 (3.55) | 0.003 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 97 (11.05) | 8 (13.11) | 89 (10.89) | 0.593 |
| Diabetes status | 0.071 | |||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 142 (16.69) | 16 (26.67) | 126 (15.93) | |
| Pre-diabetes, n (%) | 310 (36.43) | 22 (36.67) | 288 (36.41) | |
| Medication use | ||||
| NSAID, n (%) | 130 (15.51) | 10 (17.54) | 120 (15.36) | 0.661 |
| Aspirin, n (%) | 284 (33.89) | 20 (35.09) | 264 (33.80) | 0.843 |
| Cox-II inhibitor, n (%) | 63 (7.52) | 1 (1.75) | 62 (7.94) | 0.115 |
| ACE inhibitors, n (%) | 166 (19.81) | 18 (31.58) | 148 (18.95) | 0.021 |
| Loop diuretics, n (%) | 38 (4.53) | 8 (14.04) | 30 (3.84) | <0.001 |
| Antidepressants, n (%) | 55 (6.65) | 7 (12.28) | 48 (6.23) | 0.077 |
| Physical performance | ||||
| Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) score, mean ± SD | 149.92 ± 69.95 | 130.25 ± 79.94 | 151.39 ± 68.98 | 0.008 |
| Walking speed <0.8 meters/seconds, n (%) | 28 (3.19) | 6 (9.84) | 22 (2.69) | 0.002 |
| Average number of drinks/week, mean ± SD | 4.52 ± 6.90 | 4.77 ± 7.79 | 4.51 ± 6.84 | 0.275 |
| Smoking status | <0.001 | |||
| Current smoker, n (%) | 33 (3.76) | 8 (13.11) | 25 (3.06) | |
| Past smoker, n (%) | 514 (58.54) | 40 (65.57) | 474 (58.02) | |
| Smoking pack-years, mean ± SD | 18.97 ± 25.71 | 33.64 ± 32.44 | 17.87 ± 24.81 | <0.001 |
aBased on median test for cytokines variables, two-sample t test (or Wilcoxon-Mann–Whitney test) for other continuous variables and chi-squared test (or Fisher's exact test) for categorical variables