Fig. 3.

High glucose inhibits gene expression essential for cardiogenesis. a mRNA levels of mesodermal markers, T, and MIXL1 during GR-E14 cell cardiogensis. b mRNA levels of cardiac transcription factors, NKX2.5, TBX5, and GATA4. c Representative images of NKX2.5 immunofluorescent staining (green). DAPI (blue) was for cell nuclei staining. d Quantitative fluorescent density data of NKX2.5 immunofluorescent staining. e TBX5 and GATA4 protein levels at differentiation day 7. Gene expression was assessed at EB formation day 5 and attachment culture (differentiation) at day 1, 3, 5, and 7. Experiments were repeated three times (n = 3). EB embryoid body derived from E14 or GR-E14 cells, HG high glucose (25 mM), LG low glucose (5 mM). Values were dedicated as mean ± SD. ^*Indicates significant difference compared with the other group