Table 1.
Chronica effects of non-digestible carbohydrates on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and associated outcomes
| Studies | Experimental model | Dietary intervention | Main outcomes measured |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cani 2005a [129] |
〉 Male Wistar rats | Oligofructose (10% of dietb) |
↑ GLP-1 concentrations in the proximal and medial colon ↑ Proglucagon mRNA concentrations in the caecum and proximal colon ↓ Triglyceride blood and hepatic concentrations ↓ Food and energy intake ↓ Body weight gain |
| Cani 2005b [132] |
〉 Streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats | Oligofructose (10% of dietb) |
↑ Proglucagon mRNA concentrations in the proximal colon ↑ Pro-hormone convertase 1 mRNA concentrations in the proximal colon ↑ GLP-1 concentrations in the portal vein ↑ Glucose tolerance ↑ Insulin and C-peptide blood concentrations ↑ Pancreatic β-cell mass ↓ Food and energy intake |
| Cani 2005c [131] |
〉 Healthy men and women | Oligofructose (16 g/day) | ↓ Energy intake over 24 hours ↑ Satiety ↓ Hunger ↓ Prospective food consumption |
| Cani 2006 [133] |
〉 Male C57BL/6 J mice with high-fat feeding-induced diabetes | Oligofructose (10% of dietb) |
↑ GLP-1 concentrations in the proximal colon ↑ GLP-1 concentrations in the portal vein ↑ Proglucagon mRNA concentrations in the proximal colon ↑ Blood and pancreatic insulin concentrations ↓ Fasting and postprandial blood glucose concentrations |
| Cani 2007 [134] |
〉 Male Wistar rats | Oligofructose (10% of dietb) |
↑ GLP-1 concentrations in the portal vein and proximal colon ↑ Proglucagon mRNA concentrations in the proximal colon ↑ L-cell number in the proximal colon ↑ Neurogenin-3 and Neuro-D mRNA concentrations in the proximal colon ↓ Food and energy intake ↓ Body weight gain |
| Zhou 2008 [130] |
〉 Sprague-Dawley rats 〉 Streptozotocin-treated C57BL/6 J mice |
Resistant starch (53% of dietb) |
↑ GLP-1 blood concentrations ↑ PYY blood concentrations ↓ Variation in blood glucose and insulin concentrations ↑ Proglucagon and PYY colonic mRNA concentrations ↑ Glucose tolerance in diabetic mice |
GLP-1 Glucagon-like peptide-1, mRNA Messenger ribonucleic acid, PYY Peptide tyrosine-tyrosine
a 10 days - 1 year interventions
b weight : weight proportion