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. 2004 Jul 1;23(14):2892–2902. doi: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600278

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Misspecification of lower-layer CP neurons in E18.5 Ngn mutants. (A–D) Math2 was uniformly expressed in the CP and IZ of wild-type (A), Ngn2 (B) and Ngn1;Ngn2 (C) mutants, with the exception of small superficial gaps in Ngn1;Ngn2 mutants (uc, arrowheads, D). (E–H) Dlx1 was expressed in cortical interneurons in the GZ, MZ and CP (E), and in ectopic clusters in the IZ (asterisks) and superficial CP (arrowheads) of Ngn2 (F) and Ngn1;Ngn2 (G, H) mutants. (I) DAPI and (J) Dlx immunostaining showed that abnormal cellular aggregates (asterisks) beneath the CP were Dlx+. (K–L) Retrograde labeling of P0 cortical neurons in layers II/III (K, L) and V/VI (K′, L′) revealed similar immature neuronal morphologies in wild-type (K, K′) and Ngn2 mutant (L, L′) cortices, with sparsely branched apical and basal dendritic processes (also see Supplementary Figure S4). (M–O) Layer VI expression of Tbr1 was reduced in the rostral CP in Ngn2 mutants (N), and throughout the Ngn1;Ngn2 mutant cortex (O). (P–R) ER81 expression was reduced and disorganized (arrowheads) in rostral layer V in Ngn2 mutants (Q), and throughout the Ngn1;Ngn2 mutant layer V (R). (S–U) Layer IV expression of RORβ was normal in Ngn2 (T) and Ngn1;Ngn2 (U) mutants. Ectopic RORβ (U) and ER81 (Q, R) were observed in clusters in the IZ and MZ of Ngn2 and Ngn1;Ngn2 mutants, correlating with migration defects of a subset of early-born neurons. Oct6 transcripts (V–X) and Cux1 protein (Y, Z, AA) were expressed in layers II–IV in all genotypes. (BB, CC) Anterograde tracing revealed fewer corticofugal projections in E16.5 Ngn2 mutants (arrows, CC). uc, upper CP; lc, lower CP; iz, intermediate zone.