Table 1.
Isolation of viruses (monoinfection versus coinfection) in children with ARIs.
| Viruses | Total | Monoinfection | Coinfection | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2–6 mo | >6–12 mo | >12–60 mo | 2–6 mo | >6–12 mo | >12–60 mo | ||
| Acute URI (percentage) (N = 106) | |||||||
| RSV | 18 (17) | 3 (2.8) | 7 (6.6) | 4 (3.8) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 3 (2.8) |
| RSVA | 13 (12.3) | 2 (1.9) | 5 (4.7) | 3 (2.8) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.9) |
| RSVB | 5 (4.7) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.9) | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.9) |
| ADV | 20 (18.9) | 0 | 2 (1.9) | 7 (6.6) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.9) | 8 (7.6) |
| RV | 33 (31.1) | 3 (2.8) | 8 (7.6) | 11 (10.4) | 1 (0.9) | 6 (5.7) | 4 (3.8) |
| IFV | 18 (17) | 1 (0.9) | 4 (3.8) | 6 (5.7) | 0 | 3 (2.8) | 4 (3.8) |
| IFVA | 15 (14.2) | 1 (0.9) | 3 (2.8) | 5 (4.7) | 0 | 3 (2.8) | 3 (2.8) |
| IFVB | 3 (2.8) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.9) |
| hMPV | 6 (5.7) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 3 (2.8) | 0 | 0 | 2 (1.9) |
| hBoV | 4 (3.8) | 0 | 0 | 2 (1.9) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.9) |
| PIV | 7 (6.6) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.9) | 0 | 2 (1.9) | 2 (1.9) |
| PIV1 | 2 (1.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 (0.9) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.9) |
| PIV2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PIV3 | 5 (4.7) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 2 (0.9) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.9) |
| PIV4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| hCoV 43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| EV | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
|
| |||||||
| Acute LRI (percentage) (N = 142) | |||||||
| RSV | 43 (30.3) | 16 (11.3) | 9 (6.3) | 3 (2.1) | 3 (2.1) | 7 (5.0) | 5 (3.5) |
| RSVA | 17 (12) | 4 (2.8) | 5 (3.5) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.4) | 4 (2.8) | 1 (0.7) |
| RSVB | 26 (18.3) | 12 (8.5) | 4 (2.8) | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.7) | 3 (2.1) | 4 (2.8) |
| ADV | 19 (13.4) | 1 (0.7) | 3 (2.1) | 7 (5.0) | 0 | 3 (2.1) | 5 (3.5) |
| RV | 21 (14.8) | 2 (1.4) | 5 (3.5) | 7 (5.0) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.4) | 4 (2.8) |
| IFV | 25 (17.6) | 2 (1.4) | 5 (3.5) | 8 (5.6) | 1 (0.7) | 4 (2.8) | 5 (3.5) |
| IFVA | 17 (12) | 2 (1.4) | 4 (2.8) | 6 (4.2) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.4) | 2 (1.4) |
| IFVB | 8 (5.6) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.4) | 0 | 2 (1.4) | 3 (2.1) |
| hMPV | 8 (5.6) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 3 (2.1) | 0 | 2 (1.4) | 2 (1.4) |
| hBoV | 7 (4.9) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.4) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 3 (2.1) |
| PIV | 15 (10.5) | 1 (0.7) | 4 (2.8) | 4 (2.8) | 1 (0.7) | 3 (2.1) | 2 (1.4) |
| PIV1 | 5 (3.5) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.4) |
| PIV2 | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PIV3 | 7 (4.9) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.4) | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) | 0 |
| PIV4 | 2 (1.4) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 0 |
| hCoV 43 | 3 (2.1) | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.7) |
| EV | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.7) |
RSV: respiratory syncytial virus; ADV: adenovirus; RV: rhinovirus; IFV: influenza virus; hMPV: human metapneumovirus; hBoV: human bocavirus; PIV: parainfluenza virus; hCoV 43: human corona virus 43; EV: enterovirus; ARI: acute respiratory infection; URI: upper respiratory infection; LRI: lower respiratory infection.