Table 3.
Clinical and demographic profile of patients with ALRI as per virus isolation status.
| Variables | Virus positive (n = 142) | Virus negative (n = 32) | OR (95%CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (median) | 11 mo | 14 mo | — | 0.42 |
| Male : female | 1.84 : 1 | 1.46 : 1 | 1.21 (0.54–2.62) | 0.67 |
| <12 mo | 88 | 12 | 2.7 (1.24– 6.1) | 0.01∗ |
| Risk factors | ||||
| ARI in family | 77 | 11 | 2.24 (1.06–5.12) | 0.04∗ |
| Prematurity | 54 | 08 | 1.86 (0.74–4.41) | 0.16 |
| Smokers in house | 69 | 12 | 1.54 (0.68–3.48) | 0.25 |
| Use of cooking fuel | 81 | 15 | 1.48 (0.64–3.32) | 0.32 |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Cough | 140 | 31 | 2.26 (0.18–25.7) | 0.5 |
| Fever | 122 | 24 | 2.04 (0.76–5.24) | 0.13 |
| Rhinorrhea | 105 | 17 | 2.5 (1.14–5.58) | 0.02∗ |
| Sore throat | 047 | 09 | 1.28 (0.53–2.95) | 0.58 |
| Breathing difficulty | 075 | 12 | 1.83 (0.84–4.11) | 0.12 |
| Febrile convulsion | 007 | 01 | 1.6 (0.18–13.56) | 0.66 |
| Signs | ||||
| Grunting | 19 | 03 | 1.47 (0.42–5.36) | 0.54 |
| Nasal flaring | 27 | 04 | 1.64 (0.52–5.04) | 0.39 |
| Chest indrawing | 57 | 08 | 2.01 (0.82–4.76) | 0.11 |
| Stridor | 02 | 0 | — | 0.48 |
| Cyanosis | 02 | 01 | 0.44 (0.02–5.1) | 0.5 |
| Clinical diagnosis | ||||
| Bronchiolitis | 91 | 11 | 3.21 (1.42–7.35) | 0.003∗ |
| Pneumonia | 76 | 18 | 0.9 (0.38–1.98) | 0.78 |
| Myocarditis | 02 | 0 | — | 0.48 |
∗ p value < 0.05; ALRI: acute lower respiratory infection; OR: Odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.