Figure 1.

Reconstruction of the chromosome 3 phylogeny in primates. Some chromosomes are upside down to facilitate comparison. (PA) Primate Ancestor; (CA) Catarrhini Ancestor. N in a red circle stands for new centromere. The number that identifies the chromosome in each species is reported on top of the chromosome. The black letters on the left of each primate chromosome refer to the panel of BAC probes reported in Table 1 (human BACs); letters on cat chromosomes refer to the corresponding probes reported in Table 2. Letters in red are the additional probes used to delimit breakpoints, centromeres, and telomeres, reported in italics in Table I. Arrows with hatched lines point to species for which an intermediate ancestor has not been drawn. A white N in a red circle indicates the sites where new centromeres appeared during evolution. Probes used on the cat (in italics) are cat BACs identified using Overgo probes. For details see text. The black circles and the black squares are positioned at the loci where an evolutionary new centromere or a neocentromere appeared. In the rectangle on the top, right corner is reported the map of the region 3q26, in which the nc1, K1, K2, and the deleted marker d1, d2, and d3 markers are located. For more details see text.