Table 2.
Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics in the control group and in patients with true “lone” paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF).
| Control group n = 12 |
Lone AF patients n = 23 |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 58.6 ± 12.3 | 51.5 ± 6.7 | 0.03* |
| Left atrial diameter (cm) | 33.8 ± 3.4 | 37.5 ± 3.1 | 0.002* |
| Left atrial surface (cm2) | 15.8 ± 1.5 | 19.1 ± 2.1 | <0.0001* |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 70.4 ± 4.0 | 68.0 ± 3.3 | 0.06 |
| P wave duration (ms) | 122.8 ± 12.8 | 133.2 ± 15.4 | 0.053 |
| RMS 20 (μV) | 3.50 ± 2.61 | 4.34 ± 2.80 | 0.39 |
| RMS 30 (μV) | 4.75 ± 3.04 | 5.43 ± 2.79 | 0.50 |
| RMS 40 (μV) | 5.25 ± 3.16 | 6.01 ± 2.62 | 0.46 |
| P wave integral (μVs) | 525 ± 161 | 664 ± 236 | 0.07 |
| HRA-HBE (ms) | 31.7 ± 11.8 | 40.1 ± 12.4 | 0.06 |
| HRA-pCS during sinus rhythm (ms) | 54.3 ± 14.9 | 61.9 ± 19.1 | 0.23 |
| HRA-pCS during pacing 600 ms (ms) | 76.2 ± 13.8 | 81.7 ± 12.0 | 0.22 |
| HRA-dCS during sinus rhythm (ms) | 65.3 ± 15.6 | 85.1 ± 21.4 | 0.008* |
| HRA-dCS during pacing 600 ms (ms) | 92.8 ± 16.6 | 110.9 ± 13.5 | 0.001* |
| Right atrial ERP (ms) | 221.7 ± 31.9 | 253.7 ± 47.6 | 0.004* |
| Left atrial ERP (ms) | 257.5 ± 33.9 | 271.7 ± 25.3 | 0.16 |
dCS = distal coronary sinus; ERP = effective refractory period; HBE = atrial electrogram on the His bundle electrode; HRA = high right atrium; pCS = proximal coronary sinus; ms = milliseconds; RMS = root mean square; μV = microvolt. * = statistically significant.