Effects of INa blockade on TA in a single isolated myocyte. (A) Submembrane Ca2+ transient threshold for TA versus gNa in normokalemia (black) and hypokalemia (red). For most gNa values, the Ca2+ threshold for TA is lower in hypokalemia than in normokalemia. (B) Voltage and Ca2+ traces for Ca2+ transients just above threshold with gNa = 0, under normokalemic (black) and hypokalemic conditions (red). Due to the dynamical threshold automatically driving the voltage to the ICa,L threshold, we still can elicit a slow upstroke AP with complete INa block. To see this figure in color, go online.