Table 2.
Results from univariate and multivariate survival analyses (Cox proportional hazard models)
| Number of patients | Hazard ratio [95% CI] | p value (Wald test) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | ||||
| Tumor location | (GBC vs. CC) | 71 | 0.9 [0.5–1.8] | 0.83 |
| Gender | (Male vs. female) | 71 | 1.4 [0.8–2.5] | 0.22 |
| Age at diagnosis | (≤60 vs. >60 years) | 71 | 1.1 [0.6–2.0] | 0.72 |
| Tumor grade | (G1, G2 vs. G3) | 71 | 1.6 [0.9–2.7] | 0.13 |
| Tumor stage | (T1, T2 vs. T3, T4) | 71 | 1.0 [0.6–1.8] | 0.94 |
| Lymph node status | (N1, N2 vs. N0) | 48 | 2.2 [1.1–4.5] | 0.031* |
| Venous invasion | (V0 vs. V1) | 61 | 1.3 [0.7–2.5] | 0.42 |
| Lymphatic invasion | (L1 vs. L0) | 54 | 2.4 [1.3–4.6] | 0.007* |
| Perineural invasion | (Pn0 vs. Pn1) | 52 | 1.3 [0.6–2.5] | 0.50 |
| Distant metastases | (M0 vs. M1) | 71 | 2.4 [0.9–6.1] | 0.08 |
| UICC stage | (UICC I, II vs. UICC III, IV) | 51 | 1.0 [0.5–2.0] | 0.91 |
| Surgical margin | (R1 vs. R0) | 71 | 3.5 [1.8–6.7] | <0.001* |
| SHOX2 methylationa | 55 | 1.0 [1.0–1.0] | 0.52 | |
| SEPT9 methylationa | 55 | 1.0 [1.0–1.0] | 0.78 | |
| SHOX2 methylation | (SHOX2− vs. SHOX2+) | 55 | 1.3 [0.6–2.6] | 0.51 |
| SEPT9 methylation | (SEPT9− vs. SEPT9+) | 55 | 1.1 [0.6–2.4] | 0.72 |
| Multivariate analysis | ||||
| Lymph node status | (N0 vs. N1, N2) | 1.5 [0.6–3.5] | 0.36 | |
| Lymphatic invasion | (L0 vs. L1) | 34 | 2.1 [0.9–5.3] | 0.11 |
| Surgical margin | (R0 vs. R1) | 3.8 [1.2–12.2] | 0.026* | |
SHOX2 and SEPT9 DNA methylation levels were analyzed as continuous and dichotomized variables. p values refer to the Wald test
*p < 0.05
aContinuous variable