Table 6.
Descriptive analysis of key clinical outcomes for those with data at both baseline and follow-up (n = 91)
| Key outcomes | Baseline | 8 weeks follow-up | Difference in mean score (or %) from baseline (baseline–8 weeks score) (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment arms | Treatment arms | ||||||||
| SC | SC+TA | SC+NPA | SC | SC+TA | SC+NPA | SC (n = 32) | SC+TA (n = 32) | SC+NPA (n = 27) | |
| ODI score (0–100), mean (SD) | 34.1 (11.4) | 29.1 (10.9) | 33.9 (13.6) | 32.2 (18.8) | 21.3 (17.7) | 26.2 (14.4) | 1.9 (−5.1, 8.8) | 7.8 (1.6, 14.0) | 7.7 (2.9, 12.5) |
| PGQ (0–100), mean (SD) | |||||||||
| Total | 57.3 (16.0) | 45.9 (16.5) | 51.9 (17.6) | 52.2 (28.4) | 31.9 (21.8) | 40.3 (21.8) | 5.1 (−5.1, 15.2) | 14.0 (6.9, 21.2) | 11.6 (5.2, 18.0) |
| Activity subscale | 55.6 (16.9) | 44.1 (17.6) | 50.2 (18.9) | 51.5 (29.4) | 31.3 (22.1) | 40.0 (23.4) | 4.1 (−6.4, 14.6) | 12.8 (5.4, 20.3) | 10.1 (3.5, 16.8) |
| Symptom subscale | 63.0 (16.8) | 52.6 (16.4) | 58.0 (19.6) | 54.4 (26.5) | 33.8 (22.4) | 40.2 (20.2) | 8.6 (−1.9, 19.0) | 18.8 (11.1, 26.5) | 17.8 (9.7, 25.8) |
| Pain indexa | 4.4 (1.6) | 4.3 (1.5) | 4.2 (1.9) | 4.2 (2.2) | 2.4 (2.2) | 2.2 (1.5) | 0.2 (−0.8, 1.2) | 1.8 (1.1, 2.5) | 2.1 (1.4, 2.9) |
| Pain intensity before going to bed: 0–10 NRS, mean (SD) | 6.5 (2.1) | 6.5 (2.1) | 6.7 (2.2) | 6.5 (2.8) | 3.7 (2.8) | 3.5 (2.3) | 0.04 (−1.5, 1.6) | 2.7 (1.4, 4.0) | 3.2 (1.8, 4.5) |
| Woken up most/every night by LBP, n (%)c | 9 (37.5) | 6 (22.2) | 7 (31.8) | 9 (37.5) | 4 (14.8) | 1 (4.6) | 0.0 (−27.4, 27.4) | 7.4 (−13.2, 28.0) | 27.3 (6.0, 48.6) |
| SF12-PCS, mean (SD) | 36.2 (8.5) | 38.7 (7.5) | 37.6 (9.6) | 36.5 (10.6) | 41.4 (11.5) | 43.3 (9.5) | −0.3 (−5.5, 4.9) | −2.8 (−6.2, 0.6) | −5.7 (−10.7, −0.7) |
| SF12-MCSb, mean (SD) | 49.1 (8.8) | 47.7 (12.7) | 51.4 (10.3) | 49.1 (8.1) | 48.4 (13.8) | 50.2 (12.3) | 0.03 (−4.1, 4.1) | −0.2 (−4.2, 3.9) | 1.2 (−5.3, 7.7) |
ODI Oswestry Disability Index, PGQ Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire, SF12-PCS Physical Component Scale, SF12-MCS Mental Component Scale (scales are based on a ‘normalised’ general population average of 50 with standard deviation of 10)
aMean of three numerical rating scale for least, usual and current pain
bHigher scores indicate better quality of life so negative sign in the difference indicate improvement in quality of life
cDifferences are percentages of those who reported waking up at night at baseline and at follow-up