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. 2016 Dec 12;11:161. doi: 10.1186/s13018-016-0498-3

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

ad Measurement of the Pauwels angle. Angle e represents the Pauwels angle; f is the line of the anatomic axis of the femoral shaft; g is the imaginary line which is equal to the horizontal line; and h is the line of fracture