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. 2016 Dec 12;7:68. doi: 10.1186/s40104-016-0127-3

Table 2.

Selected examples of cattle-related AMR human health threats

Source Bacterial species Human outbreak AMR profile Mechanism Notes Study
Calves S. enterica serotype Typhimurium Veterinarian’s child Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, kanamycin, streptomycin, cephalothin, ceftriaxone and ceftiofur, aztreonam, cefoxitin, gentamicin, and tobramycin Ceftriaxone resistance conferred by bla CMY-2 on a conjugable plasmid An isolated, domestically acquired case requiring hospitalization. Failure of ampicillin and sulbactam therapy, but recovery with amoxicillin/clavulanate. Direct molecular evidence linking MDR isolates from herds treated by the patient’s father [216]
Cattle, Sheep MRSA ST130 Two farmers Cefoxitin and penicillin Resistance conferred by mecC (mecA homologue), SCCmec type XI [220] Direct transfer of mecC-MRSA from cattle and sheep to humans resulting in wound infections [211]
Veal calves MRSA ST398 Asymptomatic carriage by farm employees Methicillin and others Resistance conferred by mecA, SCCmec not stated Asymptomatic human MRSA carriage rates associated with prevalence in calves and frequency of animal contact. MRSA carriage in calves associated with antimicrobial use [217]
Cattle, Swine E. coli, Salmonella Potential, sporadic transmission to humans Ceftriaxone, with high-levels of co-resistance to chloramphenicols, tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, streptomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and ciprofloxacin 3rd generation cephalosporin resistance conferred by plasmid-born bla CMY-2 Potential transfer of bla CMY-2 plasmids between E. coli and Salmonella. Close relationship between bla CMY-2 plasmids in E. coli found in bovines and humans [210]
Ground beef, possibly from dairy cows S. enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104 Large clustered human outbreak Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfemethoxazole, and tetracycline (R-type ACSSuT) MDR genes potentially encoded on Salmonella genomic island 1 Multi-state outbreak, potentially affecting >2200 people. Severe illness, with a high proportion of patients receiving intravenous rehydration and requiring hospitalization [213]