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. 2016 Dec;42:1–5. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.06.009

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© 2016 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Fig. 1 — Effect of heat treatment on conjugation efficiency and viability of C. difficile strain R20291. (A) Conjugation efficiency of unheated and heat treated (44–52 °C for 15 min) C. difficile strain R20291. Asterisks (*) denote statistical significance between heat treatment conditions (P < 0.05). Each bar represents the mean and standard deviation of data collected from experiments performed in triplicate using biological duplicates. (B) Viability of R20291 after heat treatment at varying temperatures (44–52 °C) and incubation times (5–60 min). Each bar represents the mean and standard deviation of data collected from experiments performed in triplicate using biological duplicates.