Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients
| DPs (N = 46) | NDPs (N = 53) | |
|---|---|---|
| Delay between symptom onset and first visit (days) | 5.1 ± 1.9 | 5.7 ± 2.6 |
| Delay between symptom onset and enrollment (days) | 6.5 ± 0.8 | 7.0 ± 1.5 |
| Delay between first visit and follow-up (days) | 21.8 ± 3.7 | 22.4 ± 4.0 |
| Age (years)* | 47.4 ± 15.6 | 53.2 ± 12.1 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 26 (56.5) | 30 (56.6) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1 ± 4.7 | 26.4 ± 5.3 |
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n (%) | 11 (23.9) | 11 (20.7) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 135.8 ± 25.3 | 129.2 ± 25.4 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 83.8 ± 11.4 | 81.5 ± 13.2 |
| Temperature (°C) | 36.8 ± 0.5 | 36.2 ± 4.7 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 7.1 ± 6.1 | – |
| HbA1c (%)† | 7.3 ± 1.1 | 5.4 ± 0.2 |
| Median FCG (mg/dL)‡ | 132.5 (113.7–151.2) | 86 (79–89.8) |
| Diabetes treatment, n (%) | ||
| Lifestyle modifications only | 2 (4.3) | – |
| Oral medication | 38 (82.6) | – |
| Insulin | 6 (13.0) | – |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Hypertension§ | 17 (36.9) | 14 (26.4) |
| Cardiovascular disease¶ | 2 (0.04) | 1 (0.01) |
| Asthma | 1 (0.02) | 3 (0.5) |
| Sickle cell anemia | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.01) |
BMI = body mass index; DPs = diabetic patients; FCG = fasting capillary glucose; NDPs = nondiabetic patients; SD = standard deviation. Data are mean ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range).
*
P < 0.05.
†
Measured 5.5 ± 4.2 weeks before disease onset for DPs and at first visit for NDPs.
‡
Median FCG within 7 days before disease onset for DPs, and median FCG at first visit for NDPs.
§
Defined as previous diagnosis of hypertension by a physician, and including persons being treated for hypertension. P = 0.13.
¶
Including history of coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, heart attack, or stroke.