Figure 6.

Attenuation of CIA development in mice by APT-F2P. (a) Procedures of mouse CIA experiments. Experimental details are described in Methods. (b) CIA clinical scores for vehicle and APT-F2P administered mice. Values are the mean and SEM of 5–6 mice per group. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus vehicle (Mann-Whitney's U-test or Dunnett's test). (c) Histopathological analysis of the synovitis and bone and cartilage damage. Synovitis is represented by “inflammation in synovium”, “formation of granulation tissue/vascular/synovial cavity”, and “inflammation in dermis/muscle/tendon”, while bone and cartilage damage is represented by “decreased cartilage”, “bone resorption”, “formation of cartilaginous tissue”, and “formation of callus”. CIA, collagen-induced arthritis; SEM, standard error of mean.