Figure 4. Stress distribution of the four air bubble samples, i.e. S1, S2, S3, and S4, under an applied tensile strain of 1 με.

(a1), (a2), (a3) and (a4) Three-dimensional stress contours and (b1), (b2), (b3), and (b4) Two-dimensional stress contours on the A–A′ section plane, where Young's modulus of silica is 73 Gpa, Poisson's ratio is 0.17, silica density is 2700 Kg/m³.