Figure 2.

Effects of GO and NAM-rGO on cell viability, proliferation, and cell morphology.

Notes: (A) The viability of MEFs was determined after 24 hours of exposure to different concentrations of GO and NAM-rGO (10–50 μg/mL) using the WST-8 assay. The results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. A significant difference was observed between control and GO-treated cells. The viability of treated cells was compared to that of the untreated cells using Student’s t-test (*P<0.05). (B) Proliferation of PMEF cells were determined by trypan blue assay after 24 hours of exposure to 10 μg/mL of GO or NAM-rGO. A significant difference was observed between control and NAM-rGO. (C) Phase contrast microscopy data showing the morphological appearance of MEFs after treatment with 10 μg/mL GO and NAM-rGO for 24 hours. Scale bars in left panel, 40×. The right panel (scale bars, 200×) shows the magnified images of the respective boxes in the left panel. The viability of treated cells was compared to that of the untreated cells using Student’s t-test (*P<0.05).

Abbreviations: Con, control; GO, graphene oxide; NAM-rGO, nicotinamide-reduced graphene oxide.