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. 2016 Dec 8;11:6635–6649. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S121847

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© 2016 Zhang and Gurunathan. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Cytotoxicity effects of GO and NAM-rGO on MEFs.

Notes: (A) MEFs were treated with different concentrations of GO and NAM-rGO (10–50 μg/mL) for 24 hours and then LDH and (B) ROS were measured. The results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. There was a significant difference in the LDH activity and ROS generation of GO-treated cells compared to that of the untreated cells as assessed using Student’s t-test (*P<0.05). There was no significant difference between control and NAM-rGO-treated cells.

Abbreviations: GO, graphene oxide; NAM-rGO, nicotinamide-reduced graphene oxide; ROS, reactive oxygen species; MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblast cells; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.