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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2016 Nov 9;172:153–162. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.11.010

Table 3.

Negative binomial hurdle model of prescribing rates in the first year medication was on the market. Clustered standard errors are in parentheses. Exponentiated coefficients.

New Clinical Benefits
 Minor Variations
Vyvanse Cymbalta Invega Pristiq
Logistic
Gift Ban and Public Disclosure 0.52***
(0.02)		 0.61***
(0.02)		 0.60***
(0.06)		 0.17***
(0.02)
Gift Restriction 0.66***
(0.01)		 0.63***
(0.01)		 0.69***
(0.03)		 0.71***
(0.02)
Disclosure 0.75***
(0.03)		 0.94
(0.03)		 0.82*
(0.07)		 0.75***
(0.04)
Graduation Year 1.01***
(0.000)		 1.01***
(0.000)		 1.00*
(0.001)		 1.01***
(0.000)
Volume of Competitor Drugs 1.08***
(0.00)		 1.05***
(0.00)		 1.02***
(0.00)		 1.02***
(0.00)
Cash (%) 0.99***
(0.00)		 1.00***
(0.00)		 0.69**
(0.09)		 1.00***
(0.00)
Medicaid (%) 1.00***
(0.00)		 1.00***
(0.00)		 1.30***
(0.06)		 0.98***
(0.00)
General Practitioner 0.89***
(0.01)		 0.98
(0.01)		 0.47***
(0.010)		 1.41***
(0.013)
Negative Binomial
Gift Ban and Public Disclosure 0.68***
(0.04)		 0.67***
(0.03)		 0.75
(0.14)		 0.43***
(0.06)
Gift Restriction 0.92**
(0.03)		 0.91***
(0.02)		 1.18*
(0.10)		 0.88***
(0.03)
Disclosure 0.85***
(0.04)		 0.92
(0.04)		 0.99
(0.17)		 0.86
(0.09)
Graduation Year 1.00***
(0.00)		 1.00
(0.00)		 1.00*
(0.00)		 1.00
(0.00)
Volume of Competitor Drugs 1.03***
(0.00)		 1.02***
(0.00)		 1.01***
(0.00)		 1.01***
(0.00)
Cash (%) 0.99***
(0.00)		 1.00***
(0.00)		 0.61
(0.21)		 1.00
(0.00)
Medicaid (%) 1.00***
(0.00)		 1.00**
(0.00)		 0.88
(0.09)		 0.99**
(0.00)
General Practitioner 0.73***
(0.01)		 0.72***
(0.01)		 0.50***
(0.14)		 0.84***
(0.02)
N Physician Months 3,733,755 2,359,576 1,614,599 3,982,415
***

p < 0.001

**

p < 0.01

*

p < 0.05.