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AR ligand binding, nuclear localization, and signaling in missense-mutated ARs and AR-V7. Treatments are included only if they remain effective for the respective variant shown. The potential ligands for each AR variant are shown and abbreviated as follows, DHT: dihydroxytestosterone. BIC: bicalutamide. FLUT: flutamide. NIL: nilutamide. PROG: progestins. EST: estradiol. CA: cyproterone acetate. HSP: heat shock protein. ENZ: enzalutamide. ARN: apalutamide/ARN-509.
