Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics by dystonia site of onset and spread
| All |
Focal |
Segmental |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FNO-NS |
FNO-SS |
SNI |
FOE-SS |
||
| Number of subjects | 1477 | 896 | 264 | 121 | 196 |
| Right handed | 1283 (86.9%) | 789 (88.1%) | 228 (86.4%) | 105 (86.6%) | 164 (83.7%) |
| Woman | 1102 (74.6%) | 661 (73.8%) | 205 (77.7%) | 91 (75.4%) | 144 (73.6%) |
| Sensory trick | 1015 (68.7%) | 653 (72.9%)* | 189 (71.6%)* | 78 (64.2%) | 101 (51.4%)* |
| Response to alcohol | 263 (17.8%) | 158 (17.6%) | 66 (25.0%)* | 13 (10.4%)* | 28 (14.4%) |
| Tremor of dystonic region | 798 (54%) | 467 (52.1%) | 175 (66.1%)* | 67 (55.2%) | 88 (45%)* |
| Tremor of nondystonic region | 134 (9.1%) | 88 (9.8%)* | 22 (8.5%)* | 9 (7.8%)* | 15 (7.5%) |
| Age of Onset (years) | 45.8 ± 14.2 | 45.2 ± 13.5 | 45.0 ± 14.3 | 49.7 ± 15.0* | 46.6 ± 15.9 |
| Dystonia Duration (years) | 14.6 ± 12.0 | 14.3 ± 11.8 | 17.6 ± 13.0* | 11.0 ± 11.0* | 14.3 ± 11.8 |
| GDRS total | 8.5 ± 6.0 | 6.2 ± 3.7* | 10.8 ± 5.9* | 12.9 ± 8.7* | 12.3 ± 7.5* |
| GDRS neck | 4.8 ± 2.2 | 5.0 ± 2.1 | 5.1 ± 1.9 | 4.5 ± 2.2* | 3.5 ± 2.2* |
| BFM total | 7.3 ± 5.3 | 4.6 ± 3.2* | 7.6 ± 6.1* | 9.0 ± 7.7* | 10.3 ± 8.0* |
| BFM neck | 4.5 ± 2.1 | 4.6 ± 2.1 | 4.8 ± 1.9 | 2.9 ± 2.2* | 3.8 ± 2.1* |
*
Significant associations across all onset subtypes (FNO-NS, focal neck onset-no spread; FNO-SS, focal neck onset-segemental spread; SNI, segmental onset with neck involvement, FOE-SS, focal onset elsewhere-segmental spread). GDRS = Global dystonia rating scale; BFM = Burke-Fahn-Marsden scale