Table I.
Baseline characteristics according to acid suppression use
| Proton-pump inhibitors (n=3,725) | H2-receptor antagonists (n=905) | No acid-suppressive medications (n=10,528) | P value1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 67.9 (15.1) | 67.4 (15.3) | 61.8 (19.7) | .75 |
| Male, no. (%) | 2017 (54.1) | 497 (55.1) | 6143 (58.0) | 0.23 |
| Ethnicity, no. (%) | ||||
| White | 2750 (73.4) | 659 (72.8) | 7455 (70.8) | 0.68 |
| Black or African American | 285 (7.6) | 69 (7.6) | 747 (7.1) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 101 (2.7) | 24 (2.8) | 343 (3.2) | |
| Asian | 64 (1.7) | 17 (1.8) | 258 (2.5) | |
| Other | 68 (1.8) | 15 (1.7) | 287 (2.7) | |
| Unknown | 457 (12.2) | 121 (13.4) | 1438 (13.7) | |
| Past Medical History, no. (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 1396 (37.5) | 320 (35.3) | 3593 (34.1) | 0.16 |
| Diabetes | 1293 (34.7) | 308 (34.0) | 2576 (24.5) | 0.86 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 1103 (29.6) | 253 (28.0) | 2069 (19.7) | 0.46 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 882 (23.7) | 202 (22.3) | 1893 (18.0) | 0.48 |
| Liver disease | 307 (8.2) | 47 (5.2) | 417 (4.0) | 0.003 |
| Obesity | 82 (2.2) | 14 (1.5) | 201 (1.9) | 0.05 |
| Metastatic cancer | 196 (5.2) | 47 (5.2) | 465 (4.4) | 0.91 |
| Alcohol abuse | 180 (4.8) | 30 (3.3) | 652 (6.2) | 0.04 |
| Weight loss | 117 (3.1) | 18 (2.0) | 178 (1.7) | 0.09 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 40 (0.1) | 8 (0.1) | 54 (0.1) | 0.37 |
| Vital signs, mean (SD) | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 125.1 (25.3) | 125.2 (25.9) | 125.8 (24.2) | 0.72 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 62.4 (15.6) | 62.5 (15.6) | 64.3 (15.5) | 0.92 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 88.0 (19.6) | 86.7 (18.9) | 87.7 (19.3) | 0.08 |
| Laboratory values on admission, mean (SD) | ||||
| Glucose, mg/dL | 149.4 (84.3) | 150.2 (88.1) | 150.5 (91.9) | 0.89 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 11.4 (2.2) | 11.8 (2.1) | 12.2 (2.2) | <0.001 |
| White blood cell count, K/uL | 11.9 (7.4) | 12.2 (8.0) | 12.3 (9.5) | 0.19 |
| Platelets, K/uL | 236.7 (125.7) | 240.2 (113.6) | 235.2 (111.1) | 0.69 |
| Albumin, g/dL2 | 3.3 (0.7) | 3.4 (0.6) | 3.5 (0.7) | 0.27 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.5 (1.4) | 1.3 (1.1) | 1.2 (1.2) | 0.002 |
| Pre-illness medication usage no. (%) | ||||
| Angiotensin Conv. Enzyme Inhibitor | 1044 (29.8) | 253 (29.8) | 2382 (22.6) | 0.97 |
| Angiotensin Receptor Blocker | 309 (8.8) | 76 (8.9) | 647 (6.1) | 0.99 |
| Statin | 1403 (40.0) | 328 (38.7) | 3055 (29.0) | 0.37 |
| Diuretic | 1390 (39.6) | 282 (33.3) | 2456 (23.3) | <0.001 |
95 individuals were taking both a PPI and H2RA
1
p value represents group difference between PPI and H2RA users (excluding the 95 using both)
2
Admission serum albumin concentration available in 5,828 patients.