Table 1.

WASH & CLEAN table of tools

Tool	Data collection	Data capture topics grouped according to WASH & CLEAN conceptual framework
Walkthrough Checklist	Information collected on the following areas: 1. Determinants of the ‘state of hygiene’ of the maternity ward environment, delivery room environment, and availability and storage of maternity unit cleaning materials 2. Outcomes, that is, the state of hygiene as determined through visual observation, photographs, identification of potential pathogens at selected swab sites, and provider and patient satisfaction	Healthcare environment (systems level determinants) Visible cleanliness (outcome) Presence of potential pathogens (outcome)
Facility Needs Assessment Tool	Questionnaire administered in an interview format with the head nurse, or equivalent, of the maternity unit	Healthcare organisation, system, and operations (systems level determinants) (Human) resources (systems level determinants) IPC and healthcare practices (individual and systems level determinants)
Document Capture	Checklist of policies and protocols relevant to IPC	Healthcare system and operations (systems level determinants)
Semi-structured interviews	Semi-structured interviews with management, healthcare providers, cleaners, and recently delivered women	Motivation, skills, and self-efficacy (individual level determinants) IPC and healthcare practices (individual and systems level determinants) Healthcare organisation, system, and operations (systems level determinants) (Human) resources (systems level determinants) Finance and resource management (systems level determinants) Providers and managers’ satisfaction (outcomes) Women's satisfaction (outcomes)