Table 1.

Studies comparing nonoperative management of zone 1 proximal fifth metatarsal fractures

Ref.	Treatment modality	Outcome
Shahid et al[29]	Airboot compared to below knee walking cast	Pain and function recovered quicker with airboot No difference in time to union between groups
Clapper et al[30]	Hard-soled shoe compared to below knee cast	No difference between clinical healing results
Gray et al[31]	Plastic slipper compared to tubi-grip support	Fractures treated with a plaster slipper resulted in significantly better pain and function at 2 wk At 6 and 12 wk the outcomes were similar for both treatment groups
Wiener et al[32]	Below knee casting compared to soft “Jones” dressings	The average time to union was 33 d vs 46 d respectively for soft dressings compared to rigid casting