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. 2015 Jun 18;5:11372. doi: 10.1038/srep11372

Table 2. The phytotoxicity of ethephon on Ipomoea cairica and accompanying species.

Family Life form Species Degree of phytotoxicity under different concentrations of ethephon
      5g/L 2g/L 1g/L
Euphorbiaceae Tree Bischofia javanica - - 0
Moraceae Tree Ficus hispida 2 2,0 0
Ulmaceae Tree Trema tomentosa - 0 -
Convolvulaceae Herb Ipomoea cairica 4,3 4,3 4,3
Araceae Herb Colocasia antiquorum 0 - -
Araceae Herb Alocasia macrorrhiza 2 - 1
Araliaceae Herb Schefflera arboricola - - 0
Asteraceae Herb Ageratum conyzoides - 2 -
Asteraceae Herb Trilobate wedelia 3 - -
Asteraceae Herb Eupatorium catarium - 2 -
Asteraceae Herb Erigeron canadensis - 2 -
Asteraceae Herb Bidens bipinnata 3 3 3
Asteraceae Herb Artemisia argyi - - 0
Commelinaceae Herb Commelina communis 3 - -
Mimosaceae Herb Mimosa pudica - - 3
Poaceae Herb Digitaria ciliaris - 0 -
Poaceae Herb Neyraudia reynaudiana 1 - 0
Poaceae Herb Oplismenus compositus - 0 -
Polygonaceae Herb Polygonum chinensis 0 0 -
Rubiaceae Herb Paeseria scandens 3 - -
Urticaceae Herb Boehmeria nivea 0 - -

Note: 0: no phytotoxicity; 1: little phytotoxicity, with malformed leaves; 2:middle phytotoxicity, with spots on leaves; 3:serious phytotoxicity, with withered leaves; 4:dead. The label “-” means the absence of species.