a–e. ×400, H&E; appearance of largest blood vessels in the proximal flap in Group I (a). ×400, H&E; appearance of largest blood vessels in the proximal flap in Group II (b). ×400, H&E; appearance of largest blood vessels in the proximal flap in Group III (c). ×400, H&E; appearance of largest blood vessels in the proximal flap in Group IV (d). ×400, H&E; appearance of largest blood vessels in the proximal flap in Group V (e)