Statement | Definition | Implication |
---|---|---|
Strong recommendation |
A strong recommendation means the benefits of the recommended approach clearly exceed the harms (or that the harms clearly exceed the benefits in the case of a strong negative recommendation) and that the quality of the supporting evidence is excellent (grade A or B). In some clearly identified circumstances, strong recommendations may be made based on lesser evidence when high-quality evidence is impossible to obtain and the anticipated benefits strongly outweigh the harms. |
Clinicians should follow a strong recommendation unless a clear and compelling rationale for an alternative approach is present. |
Moderate recommendation |
A moderate recommendation means the benefits exceed the harms (or that the harms clearly exceed the benefits in the case of a negative recommendation), but the quality of evidence is not as strong (grade B or C). In some clearly identified circumstances, recommendations may be made based on lesser evidence when high-quality evidence is impossible to obtain and the anticipated benefits outweigh the harms. |
Clinicians also should generally follow a moderate recommendation but should remain alert to new information and sensitive to patient values and preferences. |
Weak recommendation |
A weak recommendation means that the quality of evidence that exists is suspect (grade D) or that well-done studies (grade A, B, or C) show little clear advantage to one approach vs another. |
Clinicians should be flexible in their decision making regarding appropriate practice, although they may set bounds on alternatives; patient values and preferences should have a substantial influencing role. |
No recommendation | No recommendation means there is a lack of pertinent evidence (grade D) and an unclear balance between benefits and harms. |
Clinicians should feel little constraint in their decision making and be alert to new published evidence that clarifies the balance of benefit vs harm; patient preferences and values should have a substantial influencing role. |