Table 1.
Demographics by hydration status.
| High hydration (HiH) (USG < 1.015) |
Low hydration (LoH) (USG ≥ 1.015) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject number | 18 | 32 | |
| Age, mean ± SD (years) | 42.3 ± 9.5 | 42.5 ± 9.3 | 0.94 |
| Disease subtype | 0.16 | ||
| Relapsing-remitting MS | 16 | 32 | |
| Secondary-progressive MS | 1 | 0 | |
| Primary-progressive MS | 1 | 0 | |
| Years since diagnosis, mean ± SD | 6.9 ± 6.7 | 8.7 ± 5.4 | 0.36 |
| Years since symptom onset, mean ± SD | 9.7 ± 7.5 | 12.7 ± 8.8 | 0.22 |
| USG (dipstick), mean ± SD median (25th Q, 75th Q) | 1.010 ± 0.003 1.011 (1.009, 1.012) |
1.025 ± 0.005 1.025 (1.021, 1.029) |
NA* |
| Morning/afternoon urine sample, % AM | 55.6% | 59.4% | 1.00 |
| Serum osmolality,† mean ± SD | 288.7 ± 2.3 | 287.1 ± 5.0 | 0.14 |
| Serum sodium,† mean ± SD | 139.5 ± 1.0 | 138.1 ± 2.7 | 0.018 |
| Serum glucose,† mean ± SD | 89.3 ± 9.2 | 103.6 ± 54.7 | 0.17 |
| PDDS, median (25th Q, 75th Q) | 1.5 (0, 3) | 2 (0, 3) | 0.53 |
| BDI fast screen, mean ± SD, median (25th Q, 75th Q) | 3.6 ± 3.3, 3.5 (0, 6) | 3.1 ± 3.2, 2 (0, 5) | 0.54 |
| IADL score, mean ± SD, median (25th Q, 75th Q) | 1.6 ± 2.2, 0.5 (0, 3) | 2.1 ± 2.1, 1.5 (0, 4) | 0.32 |
| PSQI score, mean ± SD, median (25th Q, 75th Q) | 10 ± 5.6, 10.5 (5, 14) | 8.6 ± 4.0, 8 (6, 11) | 0.32 |
| BLCS, mean ± SD, median (25th Q, 75th Q) | 3.9 ± 6.0, 0 (0, 8) | 5.9 ± 5.3, 6 (0.5, 10) | 0.13 |
USG: urine specific gravity; PDDS: Patient-Determined Disease Steps; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; IADL: Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; BLCS: Bladder Control Scale; SD: standard deviation; NA: not applicable; MS: multiple sclerosis.
*
Groups are based on a USG threshold, so USG is significantly different between them (p < 0.001).
†
From nearest metabolic panel within 6 months via chart review.