Table 1.

Activation of MAPK signaling in response to ROS alteration or H₂O₂.

Plant species	H2O2application or ROS alteration	Activation or responses of MAPK signaling	Reference (s)
Arabidopsis thaliana	2 mM H2O2	MEKK1	Nakagami et al. [63]
Arabidopsis thaliana	200 μM H2O2	ANP1 (MAPKKK)	Kovtun et al. [38]
Arabidopsis thaliana	4 mM H2O2	AtMKK4-AtMPK6	Doczi et al. [39]
		AtMKK3-AtMPK7
Arabidopsis thaliana	5 mM H2O2	AtMPK1/AtMPK2	Ortiz-Masia et al. [61]
Arabidopsis thaliana	200 μM, 1 mM, 2 mM, 4 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM H2O2	AtMPK3/AtMPK6	Desikan et al. [60]; Doczi et al. [39]; Gupta and Luan [58]; Kim et al. [172]; Kovtun et al. [38]; Moon et al. [173]; Nakagami et al. [63]; Rentel et al. [40]; Wang et al. [167]; Yuasa et al. [174]
Arabidopsis thaliana	Ozone (250 nl L−1)	AtMPK3/AtMPK6	Ahlfors et al. [41]
Arabidopsis thaliana	Oxygen deprivation and reoxygenation	AtMPK3/AtMPK4/AtMPK6	Chang et al. [36]
Arabidopsis thaliana	20 mM H2O2	AtMPK4	Desikan et al. [60]
Arabidopsis thaliana	50 μM H2O2	AtMPK12	Jammes et al. [159]
Arabidopsis thaliana	1 mM H2O2	Inactivating AtPTP1	Gupta and Luan [58]
Brassica napus	5 mM H2O2	BnMPK4	Zhang et al. [64]
Medicago sativa	2 mM H2O2	OMTK1 (MAPKKK), MKK3 (MAPK)	Nakagami et al. [175]
Nicotiana tabacum	20 mM H2O2	46 kDa MAPK (SIPK)	Samuel et al. [42]
Nicotiana tabacum	Ozone (200 or 500 nl L−1)	46 kDa MAPK (SIPK)	Samuel et al. [42]
Nicotiana tabacum	10 mM GSH, 1 mM GSSG, or expressing StGCL-GS	WIPK/SIPK	Matern et al. [49]
Oryza sativa	10 mM H2O2	OsMPK1/OsMPK3/OsMPK6	Shi et al. [176]; Xie et al. [177]
Pisum sativum	5 mM H2O2	PsMPK2	Ortiz-Masia et al. [178]
Solanum lycopersicon	SlRboh1-VIGS	Inhibiting SlMPK1/SlMPK2 activation	Nie et al. [179]
Zea mays	10 mM H2O2	ZmMPK3/ZmMPK5	Lin et al. [91]; Wang et al. [180]; Zhang et al. [181]

GSH Reduced glutathione; GSSG Oxidized glutathione; StGCL-GS Bifunctional enzyme for glutathione synthesis in Streptococcus thermophilus; VIGS Virus-induced gene silencing.