Table 2. Prevalence of older adults that utilize chronic-use medicines (CM) for at least one of the eight chronic diseases, according to sociodemographic and health variables. PNAUM, Brazil, 2014a.
| Independent variable | Number of chronic–use medicines | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| zero | 1 | 2 | 3 a 4 | ≥ 5 | |
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| % (95%CI) | % (95%CI) | % (95%CI) | % (95%CI) | % (95%CI) | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 9.0 (7.2–11.3) | 25.0 (22.8–27.3) | 25.8 (23.5–28.3) | 24.6 (22.4–27.0) | 15.6 (13.8–17.5) |
| Female | 5.2 (4.3–6.3) | 21.6 (19.5–23.8) | 21.6 (19.8–23.5) | 31.5 (29.3–33.8) | 20.1 (18.4–21.9) |
| Age (years) | |||||
| 60-69 | 8.0 (6.7–9.5) | 25.0 (22.7–27.4) | 24.1 (22.0–26.5) | 27.1 (25.2–29.1) | 15.8 (14.0–17.7) |
| 70-79 | 5.3 (3.8–7.3) | 20.9 (18.8–23.1) | 21.9 (19.6–24.4) | 30.4 (27.7–33.2) | 21.5 (19.2–24.0) |
| ≥ 80 | 5.7 (3.5–9.2) | 20.9 (18.0–24.1) | 23.0 (19.7–26.7) | 30.9 (27.0–35.2) | 19.5 (16.3–23.1) |
| Marital status | |||||
| Partner | 7.1 (5.9–8.6) | 23.6 (21.9–25.5) | 24.1 (22.2–26.0) | 27.5 (25.6–29.4) | 17.7 (16.0–19.5) |
| No partner | 6.2 (4.9–7.7) | 22.0 (19.9–24.2) | 22.1 (19.9–24.4) | 30.6 (28.1–33.3) | 19.2 (17.3–21.3) |
| ABEPb | |||||
| A/B | 6.3 (4.6–8.6) | 23.9 (21.0–27.1) | 20.7 (18.2–23.4) | 28.7 (25.5–32.3) | 20.4 (17.5–23.6) |
| C | 6.4 (5.3–7.7) | 22.5 (20.5–24.5) | 23.3 (21.3–25.4) | 29.3 (27.0–31.7) | 18.5 (16.8–20.3) |
| D/E | 7.7 (5.5–10.7) | 23.2 (20.5–26.0) | 25.3 (22.3–28.5) | 27.7 (24.9–30.7) | 16.2 (13.7–19.0) |
| Level of educations (in years) | |||||
| 0 | 8.1 (6.1–10.9) | 22.1 (18.9–25.7) | 23.0 (20.1–26.3) | 28.8 (25.2–32.7) | 18.0 (14.6–21.9) |
| 1-8 | 6.6 (5.3–8.1) | 23.8 (21.7–26.1) | 23.9 (21.5–26.4) | 28.0 (25.6–30.5) | 17.7 (15.7–19.9) |
| ≥ 8 | 6.2 (4.9–7.8) | 22.4 (20.1–24.9) | 22.5 (20.5–24.7) | 29.7 (27.2–32.3) | 19.2 (17.2–21.3) |
| Brazilian region | |||||
| North | 10.3 (8.2–12.9) | 46.2 (41.7–50.8) | 22.6 (20.2–25.3) | 17.6 (15.1–20.5) | 3.2 (2.3–4.5) |
| Northeast | 10.2 (8.5–12.3) | 24.2 (22.2–26.4) | 25.7 (23.4–28.2) | 24.9 (22.2–27.7) | 14.9 (12.8–17.3) |
| Southeast | 5.7 (4.2–7.6) | 21.2 (18.7–23.9) | 23.0 (20.5–25.8) | 31.1 (28.3–34.0) | 19.0 (17.0–21.3) |
| South | 4.4 (3.2–6.1) | 20.4 (17.7–23.3) | 20.8 (18.4–23.4) | 29.4 (26.7–32.2) | 25.1 (21.8–28.7) |
| Midwest | 6.3 (4.8–8.3) | 23.0 (20.3–26.0) | 22.2 (19.3–25.5) | 29.7 (26.8–32.8) | 18.7 (15.8–22.0) |
| BMI | |||||
| Low | 7.5 (5.3–10.4) | 27.5 (24.5–30.7) | 22.3 (19.5–25.4) | 28.3 (25.2–31.6) | 14.5 (11.9–17.6) |
| Normal | 7.2 (5.7–9.1) | 22.5 (20.6–24.6) | 24.3 (22.3–26.5) | 28.1 (26.1–30.2) | 17.8 (16.1–19.8) |
| Overweight | 4.9 (3.3–7.4) | 23.1 (18.5–28.6) | 23.8 (20.0–28.0) | 29.5 (25.2–34.3) | 18.7 (14.9–23.1) |
| Obese | 3.5 (2.2–5.5) | 16.1 (13.1–19.6) | 22.4 (19.2–26.1) | 32.5 (28.4–36.9) | 25.4 (21.9–29.3) |
| Current smoker | |||||
| Yes | 9.5 (6.9–12.9) | 27.4 (23.0–32.3) | 21.2 (17.4–25.7) | 29.2 (24.4–34.6) | 12.7 (9.5–16.7) |
| No | 6.5 (5.5–7.7) | 22.7 (21.0–24.5) | 23.6 (21.9–25.4) | 28.7 (26.8–30.6) | 18.5 (17.1–20.1) |
| Self-perceived health | |||||
| Very good or good | 8.2 (6.6–10.1) | 28.5 (26.5–30.6) | 25.4 (23.3–27.6) | 26.3 (24.2–28.6) | 11.6 (10.1–13.3) |
| Average | 5.2 (4.2–6.4) | 18.9 (16.6–21.4) | 22.0 (20.0–24.1) | 31.6 (29.2–34.0) | 22.4 (20.3–24.7) |
| Poor or very poor | 5.2 (3.6–7.5) | 11.2 (8.4–14.7) | 16.6 (13.4–20.4) | 30.2 (25.7–35.0) | 36.8 (31.5–42.5) |
| Health insurance | |||||
| Yes | 5.1 (3.6–7.4) | 21.3 (18.9–23.8) | 21.4 (18.7–24.4) | 30.0 (26.8–33.4) | 22.2 (22.0–25.1) |
| No | 7.3 (6.2–8.6) | 23.6 (21.8–25.4) | 23.9 (22.2–25.7) | 28.4 (26.6–30.3) | 16.8 (15.3–18.4) |
| Hospitalization | |||||
| Yes | 4.0 (2.7–5.8) | 13.5 (10.6–17.1) | 20.0 (16.5–24.0) | 30.2 (26.1–34.7) | 32.3 (27.7–37.3) |
| No | 7.1 (6.0–8.3) | 24.2 (22.5–26.0) | 23.6 (22.0–25.3) | 28.8 (27.1–30.6) | 16.3 (15.0–17.8) |
| High blood pressure | |||||
| Yes | 21.1 (17.6–25.0) | 29.2 (26.1–32.5) | 22.2 (19.2–25.6) | 19.0 (16.1–22.3) | 8.5 (6.7–10.9) |
| No | 2.9 (2.4–3.6) | 21.3 (19.7–22.9) | 23.4 (21.7–25.2) | 31.4 (29.6–33.4) | 20.9 (19.3–22.6) |
| Diabetes mellitus | |||||
| Yes | 7.8 (6.6–9.0) | 28.0 (26.2–29.9) | 25.0 (23.3–26.9) | 26.8 (24.9–28.9) | 12.4 (11.1–13.7) |
| No | 3.5 (2.4–5.2) | 8.2 (6.7–10.0) | 17.8 (15.3–20.7) | 34.8 (31.8–38.0) | 35.6 (32.7–38.6) |
| Heart disease | |||||
| Yes | 7.5 (6.4–8.7) | 26.7 (24.9–28.6) | 25.4 (23.6–27.3) | 28.1 (26.2–30.0) | 12.3 (11.0–13.7) |
| No | 3.4 (2.1–5.4) | 7.8 (6.0–9.9) | 14.2 (11.9–16.9) | 32.1 (29.0–35.5) | 42.4 (38.6–46.3) |
| High blood cholesterol | |||||
| Yes | 7.3 (6.2–8.7) | 28.3 (26.6–30.2) | 26.4 (24.5–28.4) | 25.5 (23.7–27.4) | 12.4 (11.1–13.8) |
| No | 5.2 (3.9–6.9) | 10.8 (9.0–12.9) | 16.0 (13.7–18.6) | 36.3 (33.5–39.3) | 31.7 (28.8–34.7) |
| Stroke | |||||
| Yes | 6.7 (5.7–7.9) | 23.9 (22.3–25.5) | 23.8 (22.2–25.4) | 28.5 (26.7–30.3) | 17.2 (15.9–18.6) |
| No | 6.0 (4.0–8.9) | 10.7 (7.6–14.8) | 16.0 (12.4–20.4) | 33.7 (28.4–39.5) | 33.6 (27.9–39.9) |
| Lung disease | |||||
| Yes | 6.5 (5.6–7.7) | 23.6 (22.0–25.3) | 23.6 (22.1–25.3) | 28.9 (27.1–30.6) | 17.4 (16.0–18.8) |
| No | 8.4 (3.8–17.6) | 12.4 (8.9–17.0) | 16.4 (12.4–21.3) | 29.4 (23.7–35.9) | 33.4 (26.6–41.0) |
| Rheumatism | |||||
| Yes | 6.3 (5.2–7.6) | 25.9 (24.0–27.8) | 25.1 (23.3–27.0) | 27.8 (26.0–29.7) | 14.9 (13.6–16.4) |
| No | 8.0 (6.3–10.0) | 12.5 (10.3–15.3) | 16.5 (14.2–19.0) | 32.7 (29.8–35.7) | 30.4 (27.2–33.7) |
| Depression | |||||
| Yes | 7.1 (6.1–8.3) | 24.9 (23.1–26.7) | 24.4 (22.8–26.0) | 27.9 (26.1–29.7) | 15.8 (14.4–17.3) |
| No | 3.5 (2.0–6.2) | 9.5 (7.3–12.4) | 15.1 (11.8–19.1) | 35.9 (31.6–40.4) | 36.0 (31.0–41.2) |
|
| |||||
| Total | 6.7 (5.7–7.8) | 22.9 (21.4–24.5) | 23.2 (21.6–24.8) | 28.9 (27.2–30.6) | 18.4 (17.0–19.8) |
ABEP: Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa (Brazilian Association of Survey Companies); BMI: Body Mass Index
a The percentages and confidence intervals were calculated based on the expanded sample – adjusted by sampling weights and post-stratification by age and gender.
b 2013 Critério Classificação Econômica Brasil (Brazilian Economic Classification Criterion) of ABEP.