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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Dec 15.
Published in final edited form as: Biomaterials. 2016 Jun 7;102:259–267. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.040

Fig. 1. Characterization of thread-like nanofibrillar collagen scaffolds.

Fig. 1

A. Macroscopic view of a scaffold prior to in vivo implantation. B. Atomic force microscopy imaging of the ultrathin unfolded collagen ribbon formed by aligned collagen fibrils. C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showing the surface of a thread-like collagen scaffold (folded ribbon) with typical pattern of aligned crimped collagen fibrils. D. SEM of the three-dimensional cross-section of the thread-like scaffold. E. SEM showing lumen of the thread-like scaffold having aligned collagen fibrils. Double-head arrows denote orientation of nanofibrils. Scale bars: 1 μm (B); 50 μm (C); 20 μm (D); 1 μm (E).