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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Fam Relat. 2016 Jul;65(3):477–489. doi: 10.1111/fare.12196

Table 1.

Factorial Invariance Across Language at Wave 5 (English vs. Spanish) and Across Time (Wave 5 vs. Wave 6) for the Cultural Socialization Behaviors Measure (CSBM)

Model χ2(df) Δχ2(Δdf) p Constraint Tenable
Invariance across language at Wave 5
    Configural invariance 286.78 (108) — — —
    Loading invariance 296.46 (119) 9.68 (11) .56 Yes
    Intercept invariance 307.29 (130) 10.83 (11) .46 Yes
Invariance across time (Wave 5 vs. Wave 6)
    Configural invariance 464.70 (239) — — —
    Loading invariance 472.49 (250) 7.79 (11) .73 Yes
    Intercept invariance 480.89 (261) 8.41 (11) .68 Yes

Note. The configural invariance model placed no constraints across groups, the loading invariance model constrained the factor loadings across groups to be equal, and the intercept invariance model constrained the intercepts across groups to be equal (Little et al., 2007).